- Type of paper
: Paper in book
Title: Interactions of the Ragusan Councils and the Public Health
Official (Officiales Cazzamortuorum) during the 14th and 15th Century
Epidemics
- Authors:
- Blažina-Tomić, Zlata (203382)
- Editors
- Padovan, Ivo
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
Publisher: Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti
Year: 1992
Pages: from 1 to 16
Number of references: 26
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The objective of this article is to analyse the
interactions ofthe Ragusan Councils of the Public Health Officials and
therepercusions of their measures on the life of Ragusancitizens.The text
reveals that these measures were highlyunpopular.The office of the elected
Public Health Officials wasinstituted as early as in 1397.Their main duties
were to controlthe traffic of people and goods and to prevent
infectedindividuals from entering the state.The Public
HealthOfficials,called cazzamorti from 1426, could confiscate and
burninfectet goods, impose pecuniary and in exemplary
cases,corporalpunishment.A difference in administring infected and sick
noblesand ordinary people discernible.In times of high mortality ratefrom
plague ,the fear of epidemic increased and the sentencestended to become
more severe. The Senat i.e. the Consiliumrogatorum exemplified a pragmatic
aproach to some extent, toalleviate unbearably high cost that preventive
measures usuallycaused. They were unpopular and sometimes ineffecive, but
in mostcases, they still contributed to the control of plague, while
theofficial medicine tried to explain its aetiology and pathology bythe
Galens's and Avicena's humoral and miasmatic theory.
Keywords: 14th century, plague,Ragusa,Officiales cazzamortuorum
- Type of paper
: Paper in book
Title: Dr. Ignjat Vatroslav Thaller of Draga (1840-1916)
- Authors:
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
- Thaller-Former, Tatjana
- Editors
- Padovan, Ivo
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
Publisher: Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti
Year: 1992
Pages: from 135 to 185
Number of references: 50
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The Health Division, organized as a part of the Department
of theinterior with the government of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia,was
headed by dr. Aleksa Praunsperger, dr.Josip KalazancijeSchlosser, dr.Aleksa
VancaŠ, dr.Josip Kallivoda Falkensteinski,dr.Viktor Struppi, dr.Ignjat
Vatroslav Thaller of Draga,dr.Dragutin Reichwein and dr.Vladimir Kati;i'
who were assignedthe title of "archdoctors-supreme physicians of the
country" from1850-1919. This paper is dedicated to dr.Ignjat Vatroslav
Thallerof Draga who filled this post from 1900 until he retired in 1912.The
paper consists of two parts. The first is autobiographic incharacter. It
was compiled by dr.I.V.Thaller under the title "myautobiography" and in it
he included the history of his familyand his own life up to 1866. The
second part discusses the periodfrom 1866 to 1916. It is based on data
which have been colllectedas a resud of the study of the papers published
by the MedicalAssociation of the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia (the
present -day Croatian Medical Association). Particularly its
periodicalLije;ni;ki vjesnik (The Journal of the Medical Association of
theKingdom of Croatia and Slavonia) for the period 1877-1916. Thefirst part
of the article deals with the historical developmentof the general study of
medicine at the Josephinium in Vienna,including also I.V.Thaller's military
medical practice, while thesecond part illuminates his civil medical
career. It also givesan overview of the condition of medical practice in
general, therole of physicians and their contribution in organizing
andimproving medical services, together with actual problemsconcerning the
state of their profession in the Kingdom ofCroatia and Salvonia from the
mid- nineteenth to the beginning ofthe twentieth century.
Keywords: Dr.Ignjat Vatroslav pl.Thaller od Drage (1840-1916), autobiographical data until 1866, military medical practice, civil medical carrer from 1866-1916, supreme physician of the country, Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia
- Type of paper
: Paper in book
Title: Acute Infectious Diseases in the Zagreb District in the
Period 1878 - 1950
- Authors:
- Fatović-Ferenčić, Stella (137965)
- Editors
- Padovan, Ivo
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
Publisher: Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti
Year: 1992
Pages: from 205 to 253
Number of references: 101
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The period from 1878 to 1950 has been studied on the basis
ofarchival material and documents and the Report of the MunicipalBoard
concerning the general administration in order to makeretrospective
analysis of the incidence and distribution of acuteinfectious diseases in
the Zagreb district. The results of thestudy are presented by means of
tables and graphs showing thefrequency of patients and deaths resaltung
from infectiousdiseases as well as the correlation between them and total
numberof pations and deaths in the Zagreb district. The incidence
ofindividual groups of diseases classfied according to theiretiology has
been presented by means of curves. There is aseparate graph presenting
1920-1938 flu epidemic incidence aswell as the ratio of the total number of
flu patients in relationto the total number of patients in 1927. Since
scarlatina throughout the period clearly anticipates the problem of
streptococcoseswhich still persists even today, the author has analyzed
theratio of the total number of patients who contracted this diseasein
relation to the total number of patients for individual years.On the basis
of indicators which have been systematized by meansof presented curvesthe
author has tried to discern contingentcyclical incidence of individual
acute infectious diseases in theperiod 1878-1950. The author has also made
a special analysis ofvariation in clinical manifestations of individual
diseases aswell as the impact of dominant, preventive and
therapeuticefforts in regard to the frequency and intesty of
individualepidemics.
Keywords: acute infectious diseases, epidemics, Zagreb District, 1878-1950
- Type of paper
: Paper in book
Title: Causes of Death in Zagreb in the Period from 1916 to 1918
according toData from Autopsy Reports of the Pathological Department of
Public Health Institutions
- Authors:
- Šain, Snježana (165382)
- Editors
- Padovan, Ivo
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
Publisher: Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti
Year: 1992
Pages: from 255 to 280
Number of references: 11
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The author gives preliminary results of her research into
causesof death in Zagreb from September 30th 1916 to October 16th
1918,based on her analysis of autopsy reports of the PathologicalDepartment
of Zagreb's Public Health Institutions. Access tooriginal autopsy reports
has enabled the author to form conceptswhich have imposed the need to solve
numerous statistical andfactual problems, at the same time opening up new
possibilitiesfor further research. On the basis of these sources the
authorhas made a study of the total number of autopsies performed,their
distribution in regard to age, sex and health institutionsfrom which they
were sent to the Pathological Department. Causesof death were particulary
explored with regard to the ratio ofindividual diseases in autopsy
materials. Since infectiousdiseases were most frequent in autopsy
materials, the author hasmade a retrospective analysis of the most frequent
ones. Acomparison has also been made between the preliminary clinicaland
patho-anatomical diagnoses, and results have been presentedby the method of
full agreement, partial disagreement and totaldisagreement.It has been
established that infectious diseaseswere the main cause of death (60.05%)
in the period that wasstudied and in the analyse sources. They were
followed byinjuries (12.8%) and respiratory diseases (10.1%).
Amonginfectious diseases the majority of deaths were caused bytuberculosis
(63.2%), dysenteria (16.4%) and influenza (5.3%).The author has found that
the percentage of correlation betweenclinical and pathoanatomical diagnoses
despite wartime conditionsshowed approximately the same indicators which
are found today(Mc Phee and Bottles) and they amounted to 53.2%
correlated,22.3% partially correlated and 24.5% diagnoses showing lack
ofcorrelation.
Keywords: autopsy reports, causes of death, Zagreb, Pathological Department, 1916-1918
- Type of paper
: Paper in book
Title:
- Authors:
- Mandić, Veljko (27974)
- Editors
- Mandić, Veljko (27974)
- Havelka, Mladen
Publisher: Ministarstvo obrane Republike Hrvatske
Year: 1992
Pages: from 9 to 21
Language: hrvatski
Keywords: medical rehabilitation, war, wounded
- Type of paper
: Paper in book
Title: From the Production of Animal Vaccine for the Protection
against Small Pox to the Production of the First Human Viral Vaccines,
to the Foundation of the First Department for the Production of Drugs of
Biological Origin in Zagreb
- Authors:
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
- Editors
- Vranešić, Branka
Publisher: Imunloški zavod
Year: 1993
Pages: from 5 to 61
Number of references: 39
Language: hrvatski
Summary: In this study are presented the results of researches which
weredirected to the begennings development of the productionof vaccines,
antibacterial preparations, antitoxic sera, anddrugs of biological origin,
with special emphasis to theestablishment of the institutions which are
recognised as thebeginnings of the present Institute of Immunology in
Zagrebstarting from the first suggestions in 1875 to 1979.
Keywords: foundation and developement of the institutions for the production of animal vaccine against small-pox human viral vaccines,antibacterial preparations,antitoxic sera,drugs of biological origin,Zagreb,Croatia,period 1875-1979.
- Type of paper
: Paper in book
Title: The Foundation and Opening of the School of Medicne
University of Zagreb
- Authors:
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
- Editors
- Petrak, Jelka
- Buneta, Zoran
- Kostović, Ivica
Publisher: Medicinski fakultet
Year: 1992
Pages: from 1 to 14
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The chronology of the most important events from the
history ofstruggle for the high school medical education in Zagreb from1790
to the foundation and opening of the School of MedicineUniversity of Zagreb
in 1917/18.
Keywords: Croatia, history, 1669-1917/18, University, Zagreb School of Medicine
- Type of paper
: Paper in book
Title: Toward to the European Standards 1920.-1940.
- Authors:
- Lacković, Zdravko
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
- Editors
- Petrak, Jelka
- Buneta, Zoran
- Kostović, Ivica
Publisher: Medicinski fakultet
Year: 1992
Pages: from 27 to 47
Number of references: 19
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The results of our research show that in the period from
1920 to1940 at the School of Medicine University of Zagreb wasdominating
the conception with evident orientation toward to theeuropean standards as
well in the fild of education, as in thefield of scientific and clinical
work.
Keywords: Croatia, Zagreb School of Medicine University of Zagreb, 1920-1940
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: A Retrospective Analysis of the Autopsy Reports of the
Zagreb Pathological Department during the First World War
- Authors:
- Šain, Snježana (165382)
- Fatović-Ferenčić, Stella (137965)
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
Journal: Acta clinica Croatica
Number: 3
ISSN: 0353-9466
Volume: 30
Year: 1991
Pages: from 155 to 163
Number of references: 11
Language: engleski
Summary: A pathological department of Zagreb's public health
institutionswas established in 1913, but autopsy reports are available
onlyfor the period from January 1915 to November 1918.They areanalyzed end
compared with official public health reports.In thatperiod 1,580 autopsies
were performed with the followingdistribution: males/females -
96.58%/3.42%, soldiers/civilians -77.53%/22.47%, their age ranging from 19
to 69 years.The mostfrequent autopsy findings were: infectious diseases
(64.05%),respiratory diseases (10.44%), and injuries and violent
death(10.06%). The causes of death due to infectious diseases were
asfollows: tuberculosis (47.82%), dysenteria bacillaris (26.18%),typhus
abdominalis (9.98%) and influenza (5.63%). These causes ofdeath correspond
to those found in Zagreb's official publichealth reports, with the
exception of influenza, which was firstrecorded in municipal statistical
reports in September 1918,although in the autopsy reports first cases were
registered inJuly 1918. Malignant diseases were found in 29 cases
(1.83%),with the following distribution: carcinoma (1.01%), sarcoma(0.37%),
glioma (0.18%),leucaemia (0.18%), lymphosarcoma (0.06%).
Keywords: Pathological Department, Zagreb, First World War, autopsy reports, causes of death
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Spanish Influenza as the Cause of Death in the City of
Zagreb in 1918
- Authors:
- Fatović-Ferenčić, Stella (137965)
- Šain, Snježana (165382)
Journal: Liječnički vjesnik
Number: 11
ISSN: 0024-3477
Volume: 113
Year: 1991
Pages: from 444 to 446
Number of references: 13
Language: hrvatski
Summary: In this study, on the basis of the public records and
documentsas well as the report given by the Municipal Authorities of
thegeneral administration of the free and royal capital Zagreb,
aretrospective analysis of the uotbreak of spanish influenza inZagreb is
given. Since the official reports of the evidents ofinfectious diseases did
not give exact in sight in theepidemiological events in 1918, a detailed
analysis of thebooks of autopsy reports of the public health institutions
hasbeen done. The aim was to determine the very beginning of
Spanishinfluenza in the city of Zagreb in 1918. It has been found thatthe
first patiants suffering from Spanish influenza appeared inJuly 1918. In
the period from 01. September to the end of 1918, atotal of 861 persons
dead bcause of Spanish influenza andcomplications cause by pneumonia. The
analyzed autopsy reportshave demonstrated that the usuall complication
followinginfluenza was pneumonia characterized by hemorrhagic edema.
Keywords: influenza, cause of death, disease outbreaks, 1918
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Foundation of the Zagreb School of Medicine
- Authors:
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
Journal: Croatian Medical Journal
Number: 4
ISSN: 0353-9504
Volume: 33
Year: 1992
Pages: from 163 to 179
Number of references: 91
Language: engleski
Summary: Zagreb School of Medicine, founded 1917/18,is the
oldestuniversity school on the territory of the Republic of Croatia andthis
part of southern and middle Europe.This study investigatesthe causes of the
long struggle for the opening of the ZagrebSchool of Medicine which,
according to the valiable historicdata, started as early 1790. events
preceding 1917, starting withthe foundation of the Academia Nova
Zagrabiensis in 1669, arealso presented. The collected data demonstrate
that the course ofthe events preceding the opening of the School was
largelyinfluenced by the specific contemporaru political and
nationalconditions in Croatia.Development of high education in Croatiawas
always under strict controul of foreighn rulers:The VenetianRepublic,the
Habsburgs,Napoleon I,Austria and Hungary.The foreignauthorities except the
French perceived all demands for theopening of the University and the
School of Medicine aspolitically based,apart of the struggle for the
preservation ofthe Croatian national sovereignty, which clashed with
theirpolitical aimes of
centralisticstate,Apsolutism,Germanization,Hungarization and Italization
ofCroatian regions and inhabitants.The analysis of the chronologyand
content of Croatia demands depicts admirable perseverance,enthusism and
high European standards of those fighting for theopening of the modern
University and the School of Medicine.
Keywords: Croatia, history, 1669-1917/18, university, Zagreb School of Medicine
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Jurak's Description of Lev's Disease half a Century
before Lev
- Authors:
- Barić, Ljubo (2173)
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
Journal: Medicus
Number: 1
ISSN: -
Volume: 1
Year: 1992
Pages: from 99 to 110
Number of references: 26
Language: hrvatski
Summary: In 1915 in a renowned journal "Zentralblatt fur Herz-
undGefasskrankheiten" the complete paper consisting of two articleswas
publisched, one written by Dr. Felix Gaisbock givingclinical, and the other
by Dr.Ljudevit Jurak with pathologicaland histological description of
Adams-Stokes syndrome andproblems encountered by patients suffering from
the disease dueto atrioventricular block. One year earlier - in 1914
-theypresented the paper to the Scientific Society of Physicians
inInnsbruck. Both articles remained interesting till this date,particularly
the one written by Dr.Jurak, describing thepathological and hystological
supstrate of what we nowadays callLev's disease the disease is
characterized by the impariedfunction of conduction system due to
degenerative, fibrouschanges in the surrounding sctructures i.e. from the
outside, incontrast to the Lenegre's disease the characteristic of which
isthe primary degeneration of the conduction system, well known byDr. Jurak
as well. Both Lev and Lenegre - published their mostimportant papers on the
subject in 1964, that is to say half acentury after the presentation made
by Gaisbock and Jurak. Theeponym Lev's disease was suggested later by
Dr.Rosenbaum. Dr.Jurak an expert in pathology of the conductive system,
whopublished others papers also on the subject, performed 485hystological
sections (staining them with delafield-haematoxylinand according to van
Gieson) across the conductive system, thusshowing continuously the His
bundle, its branches and surroundingstructures where from the pathological
process spreads. Dr.Jurak's description is so precise that it does not
leave anydoubts as to the nature and place of the process, or itsconnection
with the clinical picture. It rather represents afull, perfectly
documented, and elaborate description of Lev,sdisease with all its key
features. The exceptionally valuablework of Dr.Jurak and Dr. Gaisbock by
far surpasses the meaning ofusual kasuistic presentation and should not
remain forgotteneither in local or international literature.
Keywords: Dr Ljudevit Jurak, histology, conductive system of hart, Adams-Stokes syndrome, Lev's disease, description, year 1915
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Current Medical and Economic Problems of Rehabilitation of
the Wounded and Possible Ways of Their Solution
- Authors:
- Mandić, Veljko (27974)
Journal: Klinička medicina
Number: 1
Volume: 1
Year: 1992
Pages: from 4 to 8
Number of references: 10
Language: hrvatski
Summary: Because of the severe consequences of war - inflicted
wounds,specific rehabilitation programs should be elaborated for
singletypes of injuries and among the numerous rehabilitationprocedures
kinesitherapy must occupy the leading role. Inoccupational therapy,
emhpasis is placed on the exploration ofskills and interests of the wounded
in order to give them properguidance since vocational guidance directs the
wounded towards anoccupation which will ansure him earning and make him
competitiveon the labour market it is the key of professional an
socialrehabilitation. Presented are some current problems and
possiblesolutions, in the light of their medical, economic and
socialsignificance.
Keywords: wounds and injuries, rehabilitation, rehabilitation-economics, war
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: The Contribution of the Sesters of Charity to Medicine in
Northern Croatia in the 19th Century
- Authors:
- Fatović-Ferenčić, Stella (137965)
- Šain, Snježana (165382)
Journal: Acta facultatis medicae fluminensis
Number: 3
ISSN: 0065-1206
Volume: 17
Year: 1992
Pages: from 153 to 157
Number of references: 11
Language: hrvatski
Summary: In this work an analysis is carried out on the role
andcontribution of the Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul andthe
Holy Cross as a significant instrument of development inmedicine here in
Croatia. Although their work spread rapidly inmany areas, we will confine
ourselves in this research to onefield of their activity in northern
Croatia in the 19th century.In a chronological order, we follow the opening
of hospitals andanalyse the inauguration of the Sisters of Charityžs work
inhospitals Zagreb, Đakovo, Osijek, Bjelovar, Koprivnica, Vukovar,Vinkovci,
Slavonski Brod, Virovitica, Pakrac, Čakovec, Suboticaand Novi Sad. The main
scope of the work of both orders ofCharity was predominantly a humanitarian
one and so sometimes inthe course of their work they were engaged in caring
for the sickin their homes and caring the wounded on battlefields
Keywords: history of medicine, 19th century, religion and medicine
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: A Brief Review of Croatian Medical History until the 19
Century - Part 1
- Authors:
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
Journal: Acta Medica Croatica
Number: 2
ISSN: 1330-0164
Volume: 46
Year: 1992
Pages: from 69 to 73
Language: engleski
Summary: The purpose of this study is to remind the contemporary
readersof the role and contribution of Croatian medical heritage in
thedevelopment of medicine in Europe and World, as well as of
thedevelopment of medical concepts and medical practice on theterritory of
what is Croatia today. Selected examples arepresented of the famous events
and notable persons from theancient time untill the middle of the 19th
century.
Keywords: medical history until 1850, Croatia
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Medical Practice and Public Health Endevouring of Dr.Ivan
Dežman
- Authors:
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
Journal: Medicus
Number: 2
Volume: 2
Year: 1993
Pages: from 98 to 103
Language: hrvatski
Keywords: Ivan Dežman, medical practice, public health, Zagreb, period 1865-1873
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Hygienics and Conditions of Health Service in Slavonia of
18th century
- Authors:
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
- Editors
- Čalić, Dušan
Proceedings title: Peti znanstveni sabor Slavonije i Baranje
Language: hrvatski
Place: Osijek
Year: 1991
ISBN/ISSN: 86-407-0065-6
Pages: from 293 to 304
Meeting: Peti znanstveni sabor Slavonije i Baranje
Held: from 10/22/87 to 10/23/87
Summary: In the work are expound the results of researches, which
weredirected toward identification of mechanisms that influenced
therevitalisation and development of medical practice,healthprotection and
medical professions of west-european type inSlavonia in period from
liberation of the Turks to the end of18th century.It was tried by
application of thecomparatively-qualitative analysis to evaluate the
relevance ofthe legislative-normative interventions of the rulers
ofHabsburgs monarchy for the development of medical professions andfor
institutionalization of medical activities in Slavonia,onbasis of collected
and aveilable data about the medicalpractitioners;organization of public
sanitary activities;socially- medical and sanitary
institutions;sanitarycircumstances and the health culture of the
inhabitants.If weobserve Slavonia as undivided territory, all the
indicators erferto the conclusion that mercantilistic, political and
strategicinterests of the Habsburg monarch and of central governmentorgans
were in the same time bouth impuls and obstacle to theeven development of
the health services in Slavonia.
Keywords: Slavonia,medical practitioners,health care,preventive and sanitary measures, socially-medical and sanitary institutions, legislation and organisation,18th century
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title:
- Authors:
- Fatović-Ferenčić, Stella (137965)
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
- Editors
- Babić, Dragomir
Proceedings title: Vinodolski zbornik
Place: Crikvenica, Hrvatska
Year: 1991
Pages: from 171 to 175
Held: from 06/15/88 to 06/17/88
Keywords: Talasotherapy,Balneotherapy,medical papers, 18th, 19th cetury
- Type of paper
: Summary in proceedings
Title:
- Authors:
- Fatović-Ferenčić, Stella (137965)
Proceedings title: IX kongres hrvatskih liječnika-Hrvatski liječnički zbor
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1991
ISBN/ISSN: 0024-3477
Pages: from 36 to 0
Meeting: IX. kongres hrvakskih liječnika
Held: from 05/03/91 to 05/05/91
Keywords: city of Zagreb, 19th and first half of 20th century, public health
- Type of paper
: Summary in proceedings
Title: Epidemiology of Acute Infectious Diseases in Zagreb
District 1850-1950
- Authors:
- Fatović-Ferenčić, Stella (137965)
- Editors
- Vukadinović, Marija
Proceedings title: 3.hrvatski kongres kliničke mikrobiologije
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1993
Pages: from 33 to 34
Meeting: 3.hrvatski kongres kliničke mikrobiologije
Held: from 10/13/93 to 10/15/93
Keywords: acute infectious diseases, Zagreb district, 1850-1950
- Type of paper
: Radio broadcast
Title:
- Authors:
- Belicza, Biserka (2996)
