- Type of paper
: Book
Title: Manual of pesticides in Republik of Croatia
- Authors:
- Hamel, Darka
- Vignjević, Petar
- Flegar, Zvonko
- Hrlec, Goran
- Benić, Nikola
- Novak, Denis
- Lodeta, Veljko
- Rupić, Sunčana
- Mikec, Ivan
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Publisher: Tinamon
ISBN: 953-96237-0-7
Year: 1994
Number of pages: 832
Number of references: 48
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The book consists of synopsis of the pesticides registered
in Croatia, describing dose or concentration, application, limits,
cultures, post treatment period. The legislation part points out the Plant
protection law as well as other regulations concerning pesticides. The
first aid explains help for the poisoned persones given by the ameteurs and
by the medical doctor.
Keywords: pesticides, application, dose or concentration, limits, legislation, first aid
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: PROBLEM OF STORED-PRODUCT PESTS ON COMPONENTS IN FEED
FACTORIES
Journal: Krmiva
Number: 35
ISSN: -
Year: 1993
Pages: from 27 to 32
Number of references: 7
Language: hrvatski
Summary: Animal feed as well as its components are very
frequentlyinfested by different pests like insects, mites, rodents
andbirds.
The survey of three animal feed facilities in Croatia hasshown the
presence of Tribolium spp., Sitophilus spp., Ephestiaspp., Sitotroga
cerealella Oliv, Cryptolestes spp. andDermestidae in 1983 and 1984. It is
very important to know thepests on the components of animal feed in order
to have productsof good quality. Also, presented are 10 insect species
oftenfound on soybean meal in the port of Rijeka during 9 years. Themost
frequently found insect species were : Lasioderma serricorneF, Ephestia
cautella Elk, Tribolium castaneum ( Hbst),Alphitobius diaperinus ( Pnz),
Ephestia cautella ( larvae),Gnathocerus cornutus F., Tribolium confusum (
DuV), Stegobiumpaniceum L, Lagria hirta L, Alphitobius laevigatus F.
Some insect problems in feed facilities are discussed.
Keywords: animal feed, pests, preventive measures
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE-ADVANCES, IMPERFECTIONS, RECENT AND
FUTURE STATUS
- Authors:
- Hamel, Darka (104992)
- Editors
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
Proceedings title: ZUPP 93
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1993
Pages: from 55 to 71
Meeting: Seminar Zaštite uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda, ZUPP 93,
Held: from 03/25/93 to 03/26/93
Summary: Modified atmosphere especially CO2 is applied in many
countries.Advantages of MA are that it can be applied when grain is
alreadyin the silo and it is not neccessary to more it. Also it isimportant
that after treatment there are no harmful residues.Disadnout ages are long
exposition and neccessary sealing.According to ecological advantages it
could be expected that itsuse will be spread more and more.
Keywords: modified atmosphere, CO2, application methods, application factors
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: EFFICACY OF CO2 ON DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF
TRIBOLIUM CONFUSUM (COLEOPTERA)
- Authors:
- Hamel, Darka (104992)
- Editors
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
Proceedings title: ZUPP 93
Language: hrvatski
Place: Stubičke Toplice, Hrvatska
Year: 1993
Pages: from 73 to 81
Meeting: Seminar Zaštite uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda, ZUPP 93,
Held: from 03/25/93 to 03/26/93
Summary: The efficacy of CO2 was studied on the larvae, pupae and
adultsof T.confusum. The experiments were permormed at
differenttemperatures and concentrations of CO2. The shortest expositionwas
1 day and the longest one was 12 days. The results obtainedshow highg
efficacy of CO2 on al development stages of T.confusumif the insects were 6
or more days exposed to the CO2 enrichedatmosphere. The most usceptible
were adults then larvae andpupae.
Keywords: Tribolium confusum, larvae, pupae, adults, concentration, temperature, exposition
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: INSECTICIDES AND DESINSECTION IN STORAGE
- Authors:
- Hamel, Darka (104992)
- Editors
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
Proceedings title: ZUPP 93
Language: hrvatski
Place: Stubičke Toplice, Hrvatska
Year: 1993
Pages: from 151 to 162
Meeting: Seminar Zaštite uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda, ZUPP 93,
Held: from 03/25/93 to 03/26/93
Summary: Stored products and its environment are very specific. The
contrlof pests is provided with physical, biological and chemicalmeasures
the same as according to the plant protection law. Inour country only few
insecticides are registered for contrl ofstored product pests on
commoditties as well as for treating ofsurfaces. The registered active
ingredients are diklorvos,chlorpiriphosmethyl, pirimiphosmetyl, malathion,
deltametrin,methacriphos and gases cianid acid, phosphin and
methylbromide.The applying of pesticides demands good knowledge and
manyexpirience to protect the consumers of the treated comodities andthe
applyers of pesticides.
Keywords: insekticides formulations, desinsection, storage
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: DIATOMACEOUS EARTH AS NATURAL INSECTICIDE
- Authors:
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Proceedings title: ZUPP 94
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1994
Pages: from 136 to 148
Meeting: Zaštita uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda
Held: from 03/09/94 to 03/11/94
Summary: Diatomaceous Earth ( DE) is a geological deposit made up of
thefossilised skeletons and tests of siliceous marine and freschwater
organisms, particularly diatoms and other algae. Many ofthese fossilised
sedimentary layers are originating an least 20milion years agon in the
lakes and seas of the Miocene.
The DE is quarried, dried and milled into the dust powder. Theonly changes
in DE that occur during this process are a reductionin particle size and a
reduction in moisture content. These particles are easily picked up by the
hairy bodies of mostinsects whereupon they scratch through their water
rapidly, dryup and die. Further protection is provided by the dusts
propertyof repelling many insects. DE is used in many commercial
productsincluding detergents, abrasive paint removers,
deodorisingcompounds, baby powder, filter systems for swimming pools,
oilremovers from concrete floors, in food processing industry, asfeed
additive, etc. Some 28 countries produce DE.
In this review paper the advantage and disadvantage of the use ofDE,
history of use, they way of action the influence of differentfactors on the
insecticidal properties of DE the fields of useand the safety, of DE are
discussed.
Keywords: diatomaceous earth, insects, insecticide, efficacy, formulation,quality.
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: PROTECTION OF STORED GRAIN BY INERT DUSTS
- Authors:
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
- Editors
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
Proceedings title: ZUPP 93
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1993
Pages: from 83 to 91
Meeting: Seminar Zaštite uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda, ZUPP 93,
Held: from 03/25/93 to 03/26/93
Summary: It has long been known that stored grains could be
preservedwithout being infested wit6h insects or mites simply by
mixingdusts such as plant ashes, mud, dolomite, diatomaceous earth etc.
Mention should be made that some twenty years ago in Croatiaextensive and
significant research was carried out on the mode ofinfluence and the extent
of efficiency of numerous inert dusts.This research is resumed today.
Numerous experts have come to theconclusion that despite certain problems,
even today andparticularly in the near future, an important place in
plantprotection has been given to the group of physical insecticides
(almost inactive ) known under the name of inert dusts.
đThe purpose of our research the results of which are partlypresented in
this paper is to find out and to implement our ownformulations of inert
dusts.
Keywords: inert dusts, insects, efficiency, formulation,cereal protection
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Spraying of surfaces with different concentrations of
pesticides
- Authors:
- Hamel, Darka (104992)
Proceedings title: Proce.of the 1stInternational Conference on Insect Pests i the Urban Environment
Language: engleski
Place: London, Engleska
Year: 1993
Pages: from 355 to 366
Held: from 06/30/93 to 07/03/93
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Integrated stored products protection: global and local
view
- Authors:
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Proceedings title: ZUPP 94
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1994
Pages: from 1 to 14
Meeting: Zaštita uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda
Held: from 03/09/94 to 03/11/94
Summary: The grain storage system is part of the post harvest
ecosystem, a larger
system which extends from harvest to consumption. An understanding of the
interrelationship of biological and physical factors, and selection
pressures in the system is essential to make sound decisions about the
long term directions of post harvest research, as well as the daily
management of grain and other food commodities in the post harvest system.
Grain bulks form distinct ecosystems with dormant seeds and communities of
insects, mites, micro flora, and occasionally, rodents and birds, and with
different physical factors, and also quantity of dockage, interact with
each other in a unique environment. The concept of modern ecology should
be applied to the management of insects, fungi and mites in stored grain
ecosystems. An effective interaction among many scientific disciplines and
scientists is needed for effective grain management (entomologist
ecologist, mycotoxicologist, physical scientist, agricultural engineer,
computer modellers, food scientist, economist, statistician). Stored
products protection is an essential part of the grain management
strategies in the world and the present situation in Croatia.
The aim of this paper is to review the integrated pest mamagement
strategies in the world and the present situation in Croatia.
Keywords: storehouse, ecosystem, pest management, strategies, pests, multydisciplinary research
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: The integrated pest management in store houses
- Authors:
- Hamel, Darka
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Proceedings title: ZUPP 94
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1994
Pages: from 21 to 24
Meeting: Zaštita uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda
Held: from 03/09/94 to 03/11/94
Summary: The succes of fumigation depends also on the distribution
of gasin the
space or in commodity. J. S. Cook (Degesch America) developed in 1980 a
new technology for a distibution of gas in commodities. According to him
the technology is called J-system. The system is working in the manner
that the low air and gas flow is passing through the grains. The system is
used in many countries of the world including Slovenia. In the paper are
the basic principes of the J-system, necessary equipement, advantages and
results of application discussed.
Keywords: ontegrated control, pesticide, acceptible caracteristics of pesticides
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Behaviour of insecticide pesidues on stored grain
- Authors:
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Proceedings title: ZUPP 94
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1994
Pages: from 25 to 41
Meeting: Zaštita uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda
Held: from 03/09/94 to 03/11/94
Summary: The choice of insecticides that may be used on and around
stored
agricultural grain is limited by the very strict requirements that must be
enforced to ensure safety for operators, consumers, the grain trade, and
livestock. The safety of insecticide - treated grain to consumers and
livestock depends upon the fate of the insecticide deposit during storage,
processing, and cooking of the grain and grain products. The effects of
extrinsic factors, particularly moisture and temperature, on the
biological efficacy and the loss of residual insecticides, and on the
percentage reduction of residues brought about by various steps in
processing raw grain for human consuption, are reviewed.
Keywords: insecticides, residues, degradation, temperature, moisture, efficacy, insects.
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Influence of pesticides on the environment
- Authors:
- Hamel, Darka
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Proceedings title: ZUPP 94
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1994
Pages: from 57 to 63
Meeting: Zaštita uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda
Held: from 03/09/94 to 03/11/94
Summary: Pollution becomes after a new substance is brought in to
the nature. Wide
spread of DDT and other clorinated carbohydrates caused resistance of many
insects to this group. At the same time established persistance in soil,
water, plants, animals as well as in humans influenced on the prohibition
of use of some chemicals from this group. However, pesticides from other
groups were used more and more and more often unfavorable influence
especially pollution of the environment e. g. atmosphere (methylbromide)
and hazard to human health (DDVP, malathion) were established.
Keywords: persistance, prohibition of usage, pollution
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Biorational insecticides - insect grows regulators (IGR)
- Authors:
- Hamel, Darka
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Proceedings title: ZUPP 94
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1994
Pages: from 124 to 128
Meeting: Zaštita uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda
Held: from 03/09/94 to 03/11/94
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Extreme temperature as means of control of stored products
- Authors:
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Proceedings title: ZUPP 94
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1994
Pages: from 153 to 171
Meeting: Zaštita uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda
Held: from 03/09/94 to 03/11/94
Summary: Low temperatures, and high temperatures to a lesser extent,
have been used
for many years to control stored-product insect populations. For most
stored-product insects 25-33 oC is optimal for growth and reproduction, at
13-25 oC or 33-35 oC insects are able to complete their development and
produce offspring, but below 13 oC or over 35 oC insects eventually die.
The survival of insects at extreme temperatures depends on temperature,
duration of exposure, species, stage of development, acclimatization,
relative humidity (or moisture content of food) and gender. Insects die at
-20 oC or 55 oC in a few minutes (lethal zone), at 45 oC in a few hours.
At 35 oC or 13 oC to 20 oC development stops, the death of insects at -5
oC occur in days (unacclimatized), movement stops at -10 to -5 oC death in
weeks to months (acclimatized), at -25 oC to -15 oC insects freeze. This
paper reviews research on the use of extreme temperatures to control
stored-product insects, the mechanisms by which insects survive extreme
temperatures and mechanisms by which insects could be made more
susceptible to extreme temperatures. The practical use of cooling and
heating as means of controlling stored-product insects is discussed.
Keywords: low temperature, super-cooling point, ice-nucleating bacteria, high temperature, hot air stream control, stored-product insects
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Modified atmosphere - influence of CO2 on fungi of stored
products
- Authors:
- Hamel, Darka
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Proceedings title: ZUPP 94
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1994
Pages: from 172 to 176
Meeting: Zaštita uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda
Held: from 03/09/94 to 03/11/94
Summary: Modofied atmosphere has agreeable influence on prevention
of the
development of fungi and production of mycotoxins. However it is important
to know that high CO2 concentration (60-80 %) can not stop the development
of Fusarium, Mucor and Aspergillus species if corn or other commodity has
a high moisture (av about 0.9 and 0.8). However during the period of 8-10
days CO2 can preserve corn that is waiting to be dryed from spoilage.
Results obtained in the laboratory show that the present population of
fungi on corn cob was prevented if CO2 was present. These results show
that CO2 can be applied for the preservation of corn cob.
Keywords: CO2, fungi, stored products, preservation
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Computer technology and information systems in
stored-products protection
- Authors:
- Novak, Ninoslav
- Hamel, Darka
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Proceedings title: ZUPP 94
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1994
Pages: from 232 to 242
Meeting: Zaštita uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda
Held: from 03/09/94 to 03/11/94
Summary: Integrated and systematic acces for the usage of computer
aided
information system for stored product protection is stressed. There are
defined quantifications for bringing necessary decisions. Informations are
for scientists, education people, operators, decision makers and others
connected with stored product protection
Keywords: decision suport system, expert system, know ledge base, stored products
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Nowdays and the near future research and development of
the protection of stored-products
- Authors:
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
- Editors
- Hamel, Darka
Proceedings title: ZUPP 94
Language: hrvatski
Place: Zagreb
Year: 1994
Pages: from 252 to 256
Meeting: Zaštita uskladištenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda
Held: from 03/09/94 to 03/11/94
Summary: The global protection of stored-products during the next
decade will be
determined by needs for multidisciplinary researchs, the requirement for
the development of sophisticated pest monitoring and decision support
systems (expert systems) to enable the use of integrated pest management
strategies. The toxic and dangerous synthetic pesticides will be gradually
replaced with less toxic and dangerous pesticides of different origin
(safer synthetic pesticides, plant pesticides, biorationals, diatomaceous
earth, etc.) and with less hazardous strategies (aeration/chilling,
modified atmosphere, etc.). It is expected that future researchs are
needed on: modified atmospheres, aeration/chilling, heat, monitoring,
expert systems, sanitation, biorationals, pheromones/behaviour disruption,
insect pathogens, biotechnology, plant insecticides, inert dusts,
fumigants, residual chemicals, space treatment and irradiation.
Keywords: research, future, stored-products, protection, pest strategies
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title:
- Authors:
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
- Editors
- Navarro, Shlomo
- Donahaye, Johnathan
Proceedings title: CAF
Language: engleski
Place: Jeruzalem, Izrael
Year: 1993
ISBN/ISSN: 965-463-002-8
Pages: from 413 to 432
Meeting: International Conference on Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation in Grain Storages
Held: from 06/11/94 to 06/13/94
Summary: Progress in the development of formulations and methods of
application and aeration, to enable and safe use of fumigants, is certanly
a significant factor that will affect the future use of fumigants in the
protection of stored agricultural products.
Keywords: fumigation, legislation, protection of stored agricultural products, fumigants, safe use of fumigants
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title:
- Authors:
- Hamel, Darka
- Editors
- Navarro, Shlomo
- Donahaye, Johnathan
Proceedings title: CAF
Language: engleski
Place: Jeruzalem, Izrael
Year: 1993
ISBN/ISSN: 965-463-002-8
Pages: from 515 to 526
Meeting: International Conference on Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation in Grain Storages
Held: from 06/11/92 to 06/13/92
Summary: Germination of some seeds increased and of others decreased
during the
storage. Germination decreased especially of those seeds stored in
original packages and in jute bags in the CO2 atmosphere. However, the
seeds packed in PA/PE bags very often maintained good germination.
The trials performed in silo bins did not give satisfactory results. It
can be seen that if about 1 kg of CO2 is applied especially in old bins,
losses are very high and it would be necessary to add a lot of CO2 (trial
1.). When CO2 was applied in new bins (trials 2, 3, 4) that were
constructed in the early eighties, it was easier to hold high
concentrations. The temperature of the commodity was between 18 and 24 oC.
According to the results obtained it would be necessary to dose some
additional CO2 at the top of the bin each day, in order to maintain the
needed concentration.
Keywords: germination, seed, CO2, silos
- Type of paper
: Summary in proceedings
Title:
- Authors:
- Korunić, Zlatko (22291)
Proceedings title: Proceedings 1st International conference on Insect Pests in the Urban Envir.
Language: engleski
Place: Cambridge, England
Year: 1993
Pages: from 491 to 0
Meeting: 1st International conference on Insect Pests in Urban Environment
Held: from 06/30/93 to 07/03/93
Summary: Inert dusts have been used to control stored product
insects forthousands of years. In the last 30 years there have been
severalstudies on inert dusts and a few products are availablecommercially;
Insecto ( North America), Draycide(Australia), etc.However there are
several problems with these products that limittheir wide spread use and
acceptance. These dusts must be appliedat rates that decrease the density
of grain ( test weight),reduce the flowability, and cause a reduction in
the qualitygrade because the visible dust is classed as an
undentifiedforeign material. Such dusts have also been thought to
causeexcessive wear on machinery. Many of these problems could besolved if
the dusts were used at reduced rates, but these ratesare too low to control
insects.
Some twenty years ago in Croatia extensive rese4arches werecarried out
on the mode of action and the extent of efficiency ofnumerous inert dusts.
This research work have been resumed today.The main purpose of this
research is to find out the formulationof inset dust which can be used at
reduced application rate thatwould not effect thest weight, flowability and
visualcharacteristic of the grain. We found out that the mixture ofsilica
aerogels and diatomaceous earth and the mixture ofdiatomaceous earth and
additives that effect the water balance ofinsects may solve these problems.
The results of ourinvestigation are partly presented in this paper.
Keywords: inert dusts, stored product pests, efficacy
- Type of paper
: Ph.D.
Title: Carbon diokside for the protection of stored products
Faculty: Agronomski Zagreb
Author: HAMEL DARKA
Date of defense: 01/21/94
Language: hrvatski
Number of pages: 180
Summary: CO2 has been used according to expirience till the
beginning of
the XXth century and after that it is used with knowlladge of
dozes or concentrations that anable the expected effect. CO2 was
mostly used and still is used for the control of pests and
preservation of quality of commodities.
The studies of CO2 efficacy proved that different insect species
and their development stages are variously susceptible on higher
CO2 concentrations. It is necessary to konow parameters as
already mentioned as well as volume and sealing of the bin and
apply CO2 at temperatures higher than 22 oC.
It was proved that all development stages of Sitophilus oryzae
and S. granarius were susceptible to 30 % CO2 at 10 days
exposure. However, pupae and adults of Lasioderma serricorne did
not died even after 7 days. If CO2 was applied on the grain
infested with S. oryzae, S. granarius, Rhizopertha dominica and
Tribolium castaneum the lower efficacy was obtained than if they
were set up without food basis. During the experiments it was
established that T. madens produced p-benzoquinon. It was found
out that insects that survived higher CO2 concentrations less
than 7 days were able to develop their own new generation.
Studies that were provided in PE bags and silo bins showed the
necessity to add some CO2 because of poor sealing. However, the
results obtained in silo bins were not satisfying. Seeds stored
at enriched CO2 atmosphera were less viable than the one storedin
air-conditioned storage or regular storage.
The experiments with CO2 performed in laboratory and in natural
situations were the first of its kind in the country.
Keywords: CO2, storage, stored product pests, efficacy, seeds, grains, sealing, temperature
