- Type of paper
: Paper in book
Title: Distinctiveness Effects In Intergroup Perceptions: An
International Study
- Authors:
- TURČINOVIĆ, PETAR (80071)
- ABALAKINA, MARINA
- AGEYEV, VLADIMIR
- BLANCO, AMALIO
- BOND, MICHAEL
- SAITO, ISAMU
- STEPHAN, WALTER, G.
- STEPHAN, COOKIE WHITE
- WENZEL, BRENDA
- Editors
- BLANCO, AMALIO
- GEORGAS, J.
- GRAD, H.
Publisher: Swets & Zeitlinger
Year: 1995
Pages: from 21 to 43
Number of references: 49
Language: engleski
Summary: Based on social identity and self categorisation theories,
it was predicted that people would make predominantly favorable
distinctions between their own and other countries on relevant traits.
Subjects from 6 countries (Hong Kong, Japan, Russia, Spain, the United
States, and the former Yugoslavia) rated Japan, Russia, the United States,
and their own nation on 10 traits. The results indicated that for traits
relevant to the ingroup, a nearly equivalent number of favorable and
unfavorable distinctions between the ingroup and the outgroup were made.
For non-relevant traits, a greater number of distinctions that were
unfavorable to the ingroup were made. Although a substantial number of
distinctiveness effects was obtained, the pattern of results did not
support social identity theory or social categorization theory. The results
were interpreted in terms of the salience of certain traits due to recent
events in these countries. It is suggested that nationality does not play
an important role in identity, except when national identities are
threatened during periods of political or economic instability.
Keywords: distinctiveness effect, integroup perception, social identity, self-categorization
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: I Want Therefore I Am: The Role of Motivation and
Cognition in Stereotype Formation
- Authors:
- TURČINOVIĆ, PETAR (80071)
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108X
Volume: 3
Year: 1994
Pages: from 149 to 166
Number of references: 23
Language: engleski
Summary: A field experiment (3*2*2*2*2) was designed to allow for
the formation of the new stereotype in 2135 high school students. During
the stereotype formation process the contribution of motivation and
cognitive factors was assessed as well as the changes in the content of the
resulting stereotype. The presented model of stereotype formation predicted
that motivation will influence the stereotyping process only in the
elaboration and the behavior phase while cognitive factors (quantity,
positivity, relevance, generality) will influence the process in the
encoding, elaboration and behavior phase. The predictions were generally
confirmed but not all cognitive factors demonstrated effects in all phases
of the process. Positivity influenced encoding phase while relevance had no
significant effects. The changes in the stereotype content paralleled the
role factors had in the stereotype formation process with relevancy of
information exhibiting its effect for the first time. Apart from
demonstrating its predicted significant influence in the elaboration phase
of the stereotype formation process motivation was the most influential
single factor in the behavior phase and in the final stereotype - but as
predicted showed no effects in the encoding phase.
Keywords: stereotype, motivation, stereotype formation, cognitive factors, quantity of information, positivity of information, generality of information
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Congruence of Attitudes Towards Abortion Among Elderly:
Myth or Reality
- Authors:
- TURČINOVIĆ, PETAR (80071)
- HUDEK-KNEŽEVIĆ, JASNA (113806)
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108X
Volume: 3
Year: 1994
Pages: from 166 to 172
Number of references: 7
Language: engleski
Summary: The congruence of attitudes toward abortion was
assessed on 454 subjects. The older the subjects were the more negative
attitude toward abortion they had. This finding was in accord with the
expectation derived from the stereotype of the elderly . An attempt was
made to question the simplicity of this general finding based on the role
of some hidden variables like sex, marital status, educational status,
number of children, widowhood and living arrangement. All these variables
altered the meaning of the general finding. Thus, it was suggested that
different epistemology might be needed in order to attack the subtleties of
the problem.
Keywords: attitude, abortion, elderly, sex, marital status, educational status
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Social Competence and Social Status
- Authors:
- BRDAR, INGRID (88895)
- Smojver-Ažić, Sanja
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108x
Volume: 1
Year: 1992
Pages: from 31 to 36
Number of references: 17
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The study focuses on the question of whether different
social competence and social status measures are correlated. Social
competence was assessed using George Washington Social Intelligence Test,
self-judgments and mean peer's judgment. Social status was assessed using
self-judgments and mean peer's judgment. The subjects were students.
The test demonstrated low internal consistency and
discriminativity for this sample. Self-judgments and peer's
judgments were not correlated - neither for social status nor for
social competence. Social status and social competence peer's
judgments were significantly correlated. Significant correlation
was also obtained for social competence self-judgments and peer's
judgments.
Composite measure including social competence self-judgments
and peer's judgments was calculated. According to regression
analyses social status peer's judgments and self-judgments
accounted for 45 % of variance in social competence composite
measure.
Keywords: social competence, social skills, social intelligence, social status
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: What is Social Competence?
- Authors:
- BRDAR, INGRID (88895)
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108x
Volume: 2
Year: 1993
Pages: from 13 to 21
Number of references: 38
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The concept of social competence has a long history.
The
interest for this domain has been periodically renewed. Problems
concerning social intelligence measurement as well as the
relationship between intelligence and social competence remained
unsolved for a long period. In spite of conceptual differences
most investigators agree that social competence includes
effective functioning in social settings. Differences appear when
authors pass from theoretical to empirical analyses. The
researchers attracted by social competence were studding the
concept from different points of view and using different
measuring techniques.
Keywords: social competence, social skills, social intelligence
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Is Empathy a Part of Social Competence?
- Authors:
- BRDAR, INGRID (88895)
- POKRAJAC-BULIAN, ALESSANDRA (189603)
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108x
Volume: 2
Year: 1993
Pages: from 23 to 29
Number of references: 31
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The relationship between social competence and empathy
was
investigated. 110 students were administered the Social Skills
Inventory (Riggio, 1986), the Interpersonal Reactivity Index
(Davis, 1980), the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (Leary,
1983), and the Extraversion Scale (EPI, Eysenck & Eysenck, 1964).
The internal consistencies for these instruments were relatively
satisfactory.
A factor analysis was conducted, including all social
competence and empathy dimensions. A two-factor solution
explained 40 % of common variance. The first factor represents
social anxiety (including the social competence dimensions
representing social domain, extraversion, fear of negative
evaluation, and personal distress). The second factor consists
of empathy and emotional domain of the social competence
(including three empathy dimensions and three social competence
dimensions representing emotional domain).
Keywords: empathy, social competence, social skills, social intelligence
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Social Competence and Some Personality Traits
- Authors:
- BRDAR, INGRID (88895)
- HUDEK-KNEŽEVIĆ, JASNA (113806)
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108x
Volume: 3
Year: 1994
Pages: from 11 to 19
Number of references: 37
Language: hrvatski
Summary: This study examined the relationship among
multidimensional
self-report measure of social competence, some personality traits, and
self-concept (self-esteem, external locus of control, private
self-consciousness, percieved incompetence, fear of negative evaluation,
neuroticism, extraversion, gender orientation and nonverbal sensitivity).
155 students from different departments of Faculty of Education were
included in the study.
According to regression analyses 13 variables accounted for
50% of the social competence variance. Private self-consciousness,
masculinity, and loneliness were signifficant predictors of social
competence, accounting for 42 % of variance.
Keywords: social intelligence, self-concept, personality traits
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Different Theoretical Approaches to Social Competence
- Authors:
- BRDAR, INGRID (88895)
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108x
Volume: 3
Year: 1994
Pages: from 21 to 28
Number of references: 28
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The concept of social competence has drawn the
attention of
researches with different orientations and different measurement
techniques. Various theoretical approaches to social competence are
presented. The way each model defines social competence and
incompetence is also presented. Theoretical models of social
competence developed by several researchers are described.
The conclusion is that many problems in the domain of social
competence have to be solved before it would be possible to develop the
theoretical model containing definite answers about the nature of social
competence.
Keywords: soacial competence, social skills, social intelligence
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Empathy: construct and operationalization
- Authors:
- POKRAJAC-BULIAN, ALESSANDRA (189603)
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108X
Volume: 3
Year: 1994
Pages: from 131 to 142
Number of references: 41
Language: hrvatski
Summary: Various aproaches to defining and measuring empathy as well
as difficulties investigating this construct are presented in this article.
Two separate research traditions are accentuated: the first one emphasizes
cognitive aspect of empathy, according to which empathy is ability to take
on the role or perspective of the other person; second approach defines
empathy as vicarious overlapping of emotional state with the one of the
other person, or, in other words it emphasizes the emotional aspect of
empathy. In accord with different approaches to empathy, problems related
to operationalization of this construct emerge, Hoffman's (1975)
developmental model and Davis's (1980) multidimensional approach to empathy
is presented.
Keywords: multidimensional approach to empathy, cognitive empathy, emotional empathy
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Conflicts and factors of its resolution
- Authors:
- POKRAJAC-BULIAN, ALESSANDRA (189603)
Journal: Godišnjak Zavoda za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108X
Volume: 1
Year: 1992
Pages: from 115 to 121
Number of references: 26
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The results of various research related to the conflicts
and their basic characteristics are presented. The review starts with
factors which determine the likelihood of the conflict, continues across
the course of conflict, the strategies of the parties in conflict and
escalation of conflict, and arrives to some possibilities for conflict
resolution with particular emphasis at mediation. The importance of the
psychological factors at every stage of the conflict and the necessity for
further research in this direction are stressed.
Keywords: conflict, course of conflict, strategies, escalation, conflict resolution, mediation
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Measurement of Styles of Handling Interpersonal Conflict
in Different Social Interactions: Adaptation and Validation of the Scale
- Authors:
- POKRAJAC-BULIAN, ALESSANDRA (189603)
- SUŠANJ, ZORAN (137662)
- Kardum, Igor
Journal: Godišnjak Zavoda za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108X
Volume: 1
Year: 1992
Pages: from 107 to 113
Number of references: 9
Language: hrvatski
Summary: Adapted questionnaire ROCI-II (Rahim, 1983) was given to a
sample of 307 employees in two different types of social interactions:
marital partners and co-workers. Factor analysis suggests the 4-factor
structure of the questionnaire in both types of social interactions.
Differences and correlations among styles of handling interpersonal
conflict in different target persons are commented, as well as differences
refer to some characteristics of subjects.
Keywords: interpersonal conflict, styles of handling conflicts, marital conflicts, conflicts with co-workers
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Theoretical aproaches and research in the domain of coping
with stress
- Authors:
- HUDEK-KNEŽEVIĆ, JASNA (113806)
Journal: Godišnjak Zavoda za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108X
Volume: 1
Year: 1992
Pages: from 31 to 41
Number of references: 51
Language: hrvatski
Summary: This paper represents a review of research and three
relevant theoretical approaches in the domain of coping with stressful
events. The first, structural approach, conceptualizes coping as a function
of personality traits.In the second, transactional approach, dynamic,
interactive nature of stress transactions is emphasized, and stress is
conceptualized in terms of relations between erson and her environment. The
third, additive model represents a broadened version of transactional
approach that simultaneously takes into account the role of situational,
environmental as well as interindividual factors as independent coping
resources.
Keywords: stress, coping, structural approach, transactional approach, additive model
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Models of coping with conflicts between professional and
family roles
- Authors:
- HUDEK-KNEŽEVIĆ, JASNA (113806)
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108X
Volume: 3
Year: 1994
Pages: from 29 to 46
Number of references: 42
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The study proposes a model of stress and coping process on
specific stressful situations. Effects of some aspects of self-concept,
coping styles and perceived social support as antecedent variables, as well
as primary and secondary appraisal as mediating variables on coping with
conflicts between professional and family roles, are examined here.
Relations between variables were derived from transactional,structural and
additive approaches to stress and coping process. The model was tested by
linear structural equation modelling (LISREL VI).
The results suggest that majority of coping styles are independent
constructs which along with personality traits, environmental and
situational variables influence coping utilized in specific situations. The
results also show that antecedent variables directly or indirectly
influence coping in some specific situations. Cognitive appraisal proved to
be an important medaiting variable between antecedent variables and
specific stressful situations examined in this study.
Keywords: stress, coping, interrole conflict, model
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Coping with stress and its relations to characteristics od
personality, gender and social support
- Authors:
- HUDEK-KNEŽEVIĆ, JASNA (113806)
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108X
Volume: 3
Year: 1994
Pages: from 47 to 56
Number of references: 80
Language: hrvatski
Summary: A review of research results concerning relations between
coping with stress and some personality characteristics, aspects of
self-concept, social support and biological gender is presented here. The
results of majority of studies show that basic personality traits
(e.g.neuroticism, extraversion, pessimism and optimism) are important
predictors of various coping strategies. Self-esteem and perception of
self-efficacy proved a direct influence on stress appraisal, and are
related to problem-focused coping strategies. On the contrary, anxiety is
often found as a vulnerability factor, which has a negative influence on
the relations between stressful experience and their outcomes. Internal
locus of control was found to be related to problem-focused coping
strategies. Gender differences in coping strategies are also reviewed here,
with results indicating that they are not very high but conistent.
Literature on social support suggest the significance of this variable as a
stress-buffering variable, especcially within women.
Keywords: stress, coping, personality, gender, social support
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Responsibility Attribution: The Role of Cognitive
Structure
- Authors:
- TURČINOVIĆ, PETAR (80071)
- SUŠANJ, ZORAN (137662)
- TABAKOVIĆ, ĐURO
Journal: Godišnjak Odsjeka za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108X
Volume: 3
Year: 1994
Pages: from 172 to 178
Number of references: 6
Language: hrvatski
Summary: An atttempt was made to use statistical instead of
individual approach to analyse the attribution process and the role of
cogntive structures in the process. On a sample consisting of 606 subjects
an attribution of guilt for the "Agrokomerc" affair was made. Subjects
attributed greater guilt to the "society" than to the "leading person". A
factor analyses of the "society" guilt has shown that different groups
within society can be grouped into 3 categories according to the guilt
contribution for the affair. These social groups explained about 10% of the
guilt variance. The need for checking the stability over time for the
cognitive structure was stressed.
Keywords: attribution, responsibility attribution, cognitive structure, guilt structure, external attribution, internal attribution
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Preventing Conflicts Based on Stereotypes: An Attempt to
Use Experimental Results in Practice
- Authors:
- TURČINOVIĆ, PETAR (80071)
Journal: Godišnjak Zavoda za psihologiju
ISSN: 1330-108x
Volume: 1
Year: 1992
Pages: from 165 to 172
Number of references: 13
Language: engleski
Summary: It is known that some conflicts are concequence of
stereotyping. This paper is an attempt to give suggestions on how to
diminish and prevent such conflicts - based on the results of fundamental
experimental research on stereotype change. The stereotype of aged was used
as an example. It was stated that it is possible to change the
self-confirming nature of this stereotype by means of social intervention.
The general predominately negative stereotype of elderly can be changed
into more positive substereotypes. Experimentally determined role of
cogntive and motivational factors in stereotype change was translated into
practical suggestions for changing the general stereotype of aged into
substereotypes.
Keywords: conflict prevention, stereotype change, elderly
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Opinions about the size of punishment as a function of
time
- Authors:
- TABAKOVIĆ, ĐURO
- SUŠANJ, ZORAN (137662)
- TURČINOVIĆ, PETAR (80071)
Journal: Penološke teme
Number: 1-4
ISSN: 159 -9
Volume: 6
Year: 1991
Pages: from 91 to 96
Number of references: 8
Language: hrvatski
Summary: A survey about the quilt and penalty of the accused in the
"Afaire Agrokomerc" was done during accusation stage, at the end of the
trial and after the verdict.
As a function of time there was a diminution of the size and range of the
punishment among citizens. During the accusation stage they thought that
the court was to lenient while after the verdict they thought that the
court was to harsh.
The correlation of r=0.49 was found between the sentence citizens thought
adequate and the sentence they expected from the court.
Keywords: kazna, presuda, vrijeme
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Social competence and empathy
- Authors:
- BRDAR, INGRID (88895)
- POKRAJAC-BULIAN, ALESSANDRA (189603)
- Editors
- Musek, Janek
- Polič, Marko
Proceedings title: III. Alps-Adria Symposium of Psychology
Language: engleski
Place: Ljubljana, Slovenija
Year: 1993
ISBN/ISSN: 86-7207-066-6
Pages: from 43 to 48
Meeting: III. Alps-Adria Symposium of Psychology
Held: from 06/02/93 to 06/05/93
Summary: The relationship between social competency and empathy was
investigated. 110 students were administered the Social Skills Inventory
(Riggio, 1986) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1980). Both
questionnaires demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency.
Six regression analyses were performed, with each of six social competency
dimensions treated as criterion variables (Emotional Expressivity,
Emotional Sensitivity, Emotional Control, Social Expressivity, Social
Sensitivity and Social Control), and four empathy dimensions treated as
predictor variables (Perspective Taking, Fantasy, Empathic Concern and
Personal Distress).
Personal distress was the best predictor for each of the four social
competency dimensions (except for emotional expressivity and emotional
sensitivity). Four empathy dimensions accounted for about 20% of variance
for each social competency dimension (except for emotional expressivity).
The significant correlation between personal distress and fear of negative
evaluation (measured by the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale; Leary, 1983)
might in large part explain this findings.
Keywords: empathy, social competence, social skills
- Type of paper
: Summary in proceedings
Title: Social Competency and Empathy
- Authors:
- BRDAR, INGRID (88895)
- POKRAJAC-BULIAN, ALESSANDRA (189603)
- Editors
- Musek, Janek
- Polič, Marko
Proceedings title: III. Alps-Adria Symposium of Psychology
Language: engleski
Place: Ljubljana, Slovenija
Year: 1993
Pages: from 6 to 6
Meeting: III. Alps-Adria Symposium of Psychology
Held: from 06/02/93 to 06/05/93
Summary: The relationship between social competency and empathy was
investigated. 110 students were administered the Social Skills Inventory
(Riggio, 1986) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1980). Both
questionnaires demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency.
Six regression analyses were performed, with each of six social competency
dimensions treated as criterion variables (Emotional Expressivity,
Emotional Sensitivity, Emotional Control, Social Expressivity, Social
Sensitivity and Social Control), and four empathy dimensions treated as
predictor variables (Perspective Taking, Fantasy, Empathic Concern and
Personal Distress).
Personal distress was the best predictor for each of the four social
competency dimensions (except for emotional expressivity and emotional
sensitivity). Four empathy dimensions accounted for about 20% of variance
for each social competency dimension (except for emotional expressivity).
The significant correlation between personal distress and fear of negative
evaluation (measured by the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale; Leary, 1983)
might in large part explain this findings.
Keywords: empathy, social competence, social skills
- Type of paper
: Ph.D.
Title: Social Competence in Interpersonal Communication
Faculty: Filozofski fakultet Sveučilište u Zagrebu
Author: BRDAR INGRID
Date of defense: 05/17/94
Language: hrvatski
Number of pages: 186
Keywords: social competence, communication, self-concept, nonverbal sensitivity
- Type of paper
: Ph.D.
Title: Coping with conflicts between professional and family
roles: Coping styles, self-concept and perceived social environment
Faculty: Filozofski fakultet Sveučilište u Zagrebu
Author: HUDEK-KNEŽEVIĆ JASNA
Date of defense: 05/07/94
Language: hrvatski
Number of pages: 192
Summary: A model of stress and coping process in specific stressful
situations is examined in this study. The effects of some aspects of
self-concept, coping styles and perceived social support as antecedent
variables, as well as primary and secondary appraisal as mediating
variables on coping with conflicts between professional and family role,
are predicted in this model. The model was tested by linear structural
equation modelling (LISREL VI), and relations between variables were
derived from transactional, structural and additive approaches to stress
and coping process. The model presented in this study was tested in attempt
to answer two relevant questions. The first is whether coping styles are
directly derived from personality traits or represent relatively
independent personality characteristics. The second questionis whether
chosen antecedent variables influence coping strategies and whether it is
exerted through a mediating role of cognitive appraisal or independently.
The results suggest that majority od self-concept variables are related to
coping styles, although they differ conceptually. Coping styles, along with
other personality dimensions, environmental and situational variables
influence coping strategies utilized in some specific stressful
transactions. The results alo show that antecedent variables influence
coping in specific situations both directly and indirectly, and cognitive
appraisal proved to be relevant mediating variable between antecedent
variables and coping with specific episodes. The results obtained partly
confirm assumptions of all three approaches to stress and coping.
Keywords: stress, coping, interrole conflict, self-concept, social support
- Type of paper
: M.A.
Title: The Relationship of Empathy and Styles of Handling
Interpersonal Conflicts
Faculty: Filozofski fakultet Sveučilište u Zagrebu
Author: POKRAJAC-BULIAN ALESSANDRA
Date of defense: 11/11/93
Language: hrvatski
Number of pages: 163
Keywords: empathy, styles of handling interpersonal conflicts, afective empathy, cognitive empathy, integrating, obliging, domination, avoidance
- Type of paper
: Survey/Study
Title: MOBITEL '93
- Authors:
- TURČINOVIĆ, PETAR (80071)
Ordering party: HPT
Institution depot: Pedagoški fakultet
Year: 1993
Number of pages: 132
Language: hrvatski
Summary: The survey study had two aims:
1. How to find out who is the future mobitel buyer? Suggestions were given
given for the future promotion together with the list of potential buyers.
2. How to improve the mobitel marketing strategy (price, organization and
advertising) based on the survey results?
The problems were answered based on the survey analysis and the
analysis of the existing marketing strategy.
Keywords: mobitel, marketing strategy, survey, buyers
- Type of paper
: Invited lecture
Title: Conflict Resolution Strategy after Insult and ASpology
Institution: SPIT - Society for Social Psychology in Texas
Year: 1993
