SVIBOR - Papers - project code: 3-03-287

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Published papers on project 3-03-287


Quoted papers: 8
Other papers: 2
Total: 10


  1. Type of paper: Paper in journal

    Title: The effect of vaccination agains Gumboro desease on activity of liver microsomal monooxygenases in broiler chicks

    Authors:
    Sakar, Darko (64040)
    Biđin, Zdenko (3545)
    Prevendar, Andreja
    Journal: Veterinarski arhiv
    Number: 1
    ISSN: 0372-5480
    Volume: 61
    Year: 1991
    Pages: from 1 to 12
    Number of references: 28
    Language: hrvatski
    Summary: The influence of vaccine against Gumboro disease (Gumbokal,Pliva) which was given to 12-day-old broilers, on the activity oftwo liver microsomal monooxygenases (ethylmorphine N-demethylaseand aniline hydroxylase) was examined. It was observed that thetested vaccine markedly depressed the activity of two livermicrosomal enzymes in the first 2 days, respectively 5 days aftervacctination. The level of enzyme activity was by 60-80 % lowerin the vaccinated group. The relative liver weight was 10 % lowerin tested broilers 48 hours after vacctination and slightlyraised in the next 3 days (108 %). In the first days aftervacctination the weight gain was transitory and slightlydepressed. The inhibitory effect of vaccine against Gumborodesease on the microsomal enzyme activity may be a risk forbroilers treated with liposoluble drugs of a small therapeuticindex, e.g. ionofore antibiotics, which are biotransformed byliver monooxygenases.
    Keywords: broilers, vaccine against Gumboro desease, liver microsomal monooxygenases, ethylmorphine N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase

  2. Type of paper: Paper in journal

    Title: Narasine toxicity in pigs and its incopatibility with tiamulin

    Authors:
    Sakar, Darko (64040)
    Belčić, Zdravka
    Blagović, S
    Pompe-Gotal, Jelena (38063)
    Journal: Veterinarski arhiv
    Number: 5
    ISSN: 0372-5480
    Volume: 61
    Year: 1991
    Pages: from 269 to 282
    Number of references: 31
    Language: hrvatski
    Summary: In 5 male and 5 female weaned pigs, acute toxicity of theantibiotic narasin and the modulation of toxicity during asimultaneous medication with tiamulin were invetigated. Over theinitial six days the animals were fed according to standards fortheir age (50-60 days), and after that, in the course of 2 days,100 ppm of narasin was incorporated in the feed. Next five days(7th - 13th day) all pigs were receiving narasin (100 ppm) andtiamulin (100 ppm) simultaneously. The doses ingested by pigscorresponded to 4.22 mg narasin - tiamulin /kg live weight perday. Parallel medication of these two antibiotics markedlydepressed food cunsupttin and the pigs exhibited clinical singsof toxicity and specially myotoxicity: leg weakness, hind limbataxia and incoordination. These clinical sings were presentduring the combined narasin/tiamulin medication period. However,only 24 hours after the whitdrawal of tamulin/narasin from thefood, recovery was observed. The activity of plasmatic enzymes:CK, ALD, LDH, AST, ALT and MDH was tested six times. Theincreased activity of this enzymes primarly reflects theinpairment of sceletal and heart muscles. Enzyme levels in theplasma were raised when 100 ppm narasin was incorporated inthe food, but all enzymes markedly "jumped" during asimultaneous of medication of narasin and tiamulin (12th day).However, two days after the discontinuation of both antibioticsfrom the food (15th day), the activity of all tested enzymes wereon the average 5.5 times lower (corresponding to the 12th day).On the 27th day, two weaks after the withdrawal of narasin andtiamulin from the food, complete recouvery was observed, and alltested enzymes were in the normal range and well equalized. Inthe experiment it was observed that narasin is myotoxic for pigsin the therapeutic concentration for pigs 100 ppm (4.22 mg/kgbody weight/day) and that tiamulin (100 ppm) increased narasintoxicity during their parallel medication.
    Keywords: narasin, tiamulin, interaction, weaned pigs, enzymes in the blood plasma.

  3. Type of paper: Paper in journal

    Title: Effect of therapeutic level of tiamulin on higher toxicity of monensin in weaned pigs

    Authors:
    Sakar, Darko (64040)
    Pompe-Gotal, Jelena (38063)
    Belčić, Zdravka
    Blagović, S
    Kanižaj, Višnja (199233)
    Journal: Veterinarski arhiv
    Number: 2
    ISSN: 0372-5480
    Volume: 61
    Year: 1991
    Pages: from 67 to 82
    Number of references: 46
    Language: hrvatski
    Summary: Investigated was the effect of the therapeutic concentration oftiamulin on the increased toxicity of monensin during theirsimultaneuos medication in feed to 10 weaned pigs. The animalswere fed over 10 initial days according to standards for theirage (50-65 days). Then the pigs were given monensin-sodium (100ppm = 5.8 mg/kg b.w.) for 2 days, and from the 7th-13th days,monensin and tiamulin (100 ppm = 5.8 mg/kg b.w.) simultaneuosly.While only monensin was given in feed (100 ppm), no changes inthe health condition of the pigs were observed. On the otherhand, 24 hours after the parallel medication of monensin andtiamulin the pigs became depressed and lethargic, they weremostly laying down, but on stimulation they easily picket up.However, some animals manifested leg weakness and hindlimbataxia. In 3-4 days all symptoms of depression and hypoactivtywith stiffness disappeared. During the experiment the activity ofplasmatic enzymes: creatine-phosphocinase (CK), aspartateaminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactatedehydrogenase (LDH), aldolase (ALD) and malate dehydogenase (MDH)were tested several times. Rapid elevation in the activity of CK,ALD, LDH and AST was noted on the 2nd and 4th day following theintroduction og the diet containing tiamulin and monensin. Theincreased activity of these four enzymes primarily reflects theimpairment of the heart and sceletal muscles. A higher level ofALT and MDH, besides sceletal and heart muscle damage, is thesign of a degenerative alteration in the liver and renal tissue.Two weeks after the discontinuation of both antibiotics in thefeed, the activity of mostly all tested enzymes was in the normalrange and well equalized. This reflects a very moderate toxicityof monensin (dose 5.8 mg/kg b.w.) during a parallel madicationwith tiamulin (5.8 mg/kg b.w.) and also the resorative andrestitutional processes in the impaired tissues.
    Keywords: monensin, tiamulin, interaction, weaned pigs, plasmatic enzymes.

  4. Type of paper: Paper in journal

    Title: Use and toxicity of ionophore antibiotcs

    Authors:
    Sakar, Darko (64040)
    Journal: Praxis veterinaria
    Number: 2
    ISSN: 0350-4441
    Volume: 39
    Year: 1991
    Pages: from 195 to 207
    Number of references: 82
    Language: hrvatski
    Summary: During the last 15 years, the ionophore compounds have provedextremely successful as anticoccidial feed aditive for birds.They are also used as ergotropic antibiotics for feedlot cattlefor improveing the feed efficiency and rate of gain. In the sametime, it has been reported that ionophore compounds are toxic todomestics animals. All species, even those for which ionophoreantibiotics are indicated, can become intoxicated if they receiveexcesive dose. Such an over dose may be due to exposed toconcentrates containing ionophores or to miscalculated rations.The toxicity of these compounds can be enhanced by thesimultaneous administration of certain antibiotics (tiamulin,chloramphenicol, oleandomycin, suphchlorpirasin etc.), whichprobably act as inhibitor of ionophore biotransformation bymicrosomal enzymes in liver. The article reviews currentliterature regarding the use of ionophore compounds and theirpotential hazards.
    Keywords: ionophore antibiotics, use, interaction, toxicity

  5. Type of paper: Paper in journal

    Title: The effect of Newcastle disease vaccine and infectious bronchitis vaccine on activity of microsomal monooxygenases in liver of fattenin chicks

    Authors:
    Sakar, Darko (64040)
    Biđin, Zdenko (3545)
    Kanižaj, Višnja (199233)
    Pompe-Gotal, Jelena (38063)
    Savić, Vladimir
    Journal: Praxis veterinaria
    Number: 1
    ISSN: 0350-4441
    Volume: 40
    Year: 1992
    Pages: from 13 to 24
    Number of references: 30
    Language: hrvatski
    Summary: Examined was the effect of infectious bronchitis vaccine(Bronhikal I, PLIVA) and Newcastle disease vaccine (Pestikal,PLIVA) on biotransformation capacity of liver in fatteningchicks. One day old chicks, in first and second experimentalgroup, were vaccinated against infectious bronchitis (IB).Broilers from the second group were also vaccinated, on 4th day,against Newcastle disease (ND). Fattening chicks from control andboth experimental groups were successively sacrified on 1st, 4th,8th and 14th day. The vaccine against IB lowered on 4th day therelative liver weight. In this group, the same parameter wasabove the control values on 8th and 14th day. Concentration ofmicrosomal protein was lowered in the group vaccinated onlyagainst ND. Vaccine against ND inhibited the activity ofmicrosomal enzymes: N-demethylation of ethylmorphine andhyroxylation of aniline. The same effect was observed in thegroup wich received both vaccines - against ND and IB. Theseresults indicate that the vaccinal strains of viruses against NDand IB inhibited the activity of microsomal enzymes. In turn itmeans that in first 10 days after vaccination of fattening chickslowered is the liver capacity for biotransformation ofxenobiotic.
    Keywords: fattening chicks, Newcastle disease vaccine, infectious bronchitis vaccine, liver microsomal monooxygenases, ethylmorphyne N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase

  6. Type of paper: Paper in journal

    Title: Compatibility of lasalocid and some chemotherapeutics in broiler chicks

    Authors:
    Sakar, Darko (64040)
    Pompe-Gotal, Jelena (38063)
    Kanižaj, Višnja (199233)
    Biđin, Zdenko (3545)
    Journal: Veterinarski arhiv
    Number: 1
    ISSN: 0372-5480
    Volume: 62
    Year: 1992
    Pages: from 25 to 34
    Number of references: 28
    Language: hrvatski
    Summary: The trial was conducted in 72 briolers - Hybro 159, which were onthe 1st day divided into a control group and 5 experimentalgroups. In each group there were 12 birds. The control andexperimental groups received food with 75 ppm lasalocid (Avatec,Hoffmann La Roche) from the 1st-32nd days. Thr 5 experimentalgroups simultaneously received, via drinking water, severalchemotherapeutics: tiamulin 556 mg/L, spiramycin 400 mg/L,erythromycin 250 mg/L, sulphadimidine (sulphamethazine) 2240 mg/Land chloramphenicol 328 mg/L. During the parallel medication wihtlasalocid and these therapeutics there were killed on the 32ndday and the parameters measured were as follows; relative liverweight; concentration of microsomal proteins; activity ofmicrosomal enzymes; N-demethylation of ethylmorphine andhydroxyation of aniline; activity of plasmatic enzymes; aspartateaminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK). Tiamulin anderythromycin induced polysubstrate monooxygenases. On the otherhand, spiramycin did not significantly modulate their activity.The influence of sulphadimidine on broilers was diverse:inhibition of aniline hydroxylation and induction ofN-demethylation of ethylmorphine. Chloramphenicol inhibited bothmicrosomal enzymes. The concentrations of microsomal proteinswere, more or less, parallel with the activity of polysubstratemonooxygenases, but their values were not significant. Theactivity of AST and CK, which primarly reflects the damage ofskeletal muscle, was within the normal range. The values og CKrose in the group chloramphenicol-lasalocid, which is the sign ofa very mild muscle impairment. It is concluded that in broilersall listed chemotherapeutics can be used parallel with lasalocid,but caution is necessary during the simultaneus medication withchloramphenicol.
    Keywords: lasalocid, interaction, chemotherapeutics, microsomal enzymes, AST, CK, chickens

  7. Type of paper: Paper in journal

    Title: Effect of vaccination against avian infectious bronchitis on the activity of the broiler's liver microsomatic monooxygenases

    Authors:
    Sakar, Darko (64040)
    Biđin, Zdenko (3545)
    Kanižaj, Višnja (199233)
    Pompe-Gotal, Jelena (38063)
    Sladić, D
    Journal: Veterinarski arhiv
    Number: 2
    ISSN: 0372-5480
    Volume: 62
    Year: 1992
    Pages: from 87 to 98
    Number of references: 31
    Language: hrvatski
    Summary: The activity of polysubstrate liver enzymes: the N-demethylationof ethylmorphine and the hydroxylation of aniline in broilers 4,8 and 14 days old was examined. On the 1st day the chickens werevaccinated against avian infectious bronchitis (Bronhikal I,Pliva). The vaccine Bronhikal I selectively inhibited theactivity of N-demethylation (26-32 %). The results indicate thatthe vaccinal strains of the virus against avian infectiousbronhitis selectively lowered the biotransformationcapacity of liver in broilers.
    Keywords: infectious bronhitis vaccine, microsomal monooxygenases, ethylmorphine N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase, fattening chicks.

  8. Type of paper: Paper in journal

    Title: Effect of TMTD on biotransformation capacity of liver and the content of copper and zinc in fattening chicks

    Authors:
    Kanižaj, Višnja (199233)
    Sakar, Darko (64040)
    Pompe-Gotal, Jelena (38063)
    Journal: Praxis veterinaria
    Number: 2
    ISSN: 0350-4441
    Volume: 41
    Year: 1993
    Pages: from 209 to 220
    Number of references: 48
    Language: hrvatski
    Summary: The sublethal toxicity of sinthetic chelating chemicaltetramethyl - thiuram disulfide was investigated by deteriminingthe activity of some microsomal enzyme in fattening chicks. From14th - 28th day, chicks were fed with usual food containingpropylenglycol as a carier and thiram in concentrations of 10 and50 ppm. Control group were fed with food containing onlypropylene glycol. All the broilers were killed when they were 28days old. The content of cyt. P-450, activity of ethylmorphineN-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase was measured. At the sametime, the content of copper and zinc in liver, kidney, brain, andtestes was determined, as well as the relative testes weight,food conversion and weight gain. It was prooved that thiram inconcentration of 10 ppm induced, whereas in greater 50 ppminhibited the activity of microsomal enzymes. Due to the abiltyof thiram to chelate copper, this fungicide changed the contentof copper and zinc in tissues of chicks. The alterations of thesevalues in relation to the control group of chicks remained belowthe significance level of 5 %. The results presented here alsoindicate that weight gain in chicks, feeded with thiram inconcentration of 10 and 50 ppm, and food conversion was poorer.The gonadotoxicity of thiram is especially unfavourable, what isprooved by significantly lower values of the relative andapsolute weights of testes in the experimental chicks.
    Keywords: thiram, fattening chicks, poysubstrate monooxygenases of liver, cytochrom P-450, haevy metal: copper, zinc

  9. Type of paper: Paper in journal

    Title: Effect of TMTD on biotransformation capacity of liver and the content of copper and zinc in hen embryos

    Authors:
    Kanižaj, Višnja (199233)
    Sakar, Darko (64040)
    Pompe-Gotal, Jelena (38063)
    Journal: Praxis veterinaria
    Number: 1-2
    ISSN: 0350-4441
    Volume: 42
    Year: 1994
    Pages: from 57 to 64
    Language: hrvatski
    Summary: The effect of tiramon biotransformation capacity of liner and the content of copper and zinc in the tissues of hen embryos was examined. In 18 day old embryos, three days after the application of thiram, the content of cyt. P-450 and activity of ethylmorphin N-demethylase and anilin hydroxylase were measured. At the same time, the content of cooper and zinc inthe tissues of liver, heart and brain was determined. It was proved that 10 mg/kg of thiram inhibited the activity of microsomal monooxygenases, what means that examined doses decreased the detoxycation capacity of liver in hen embryos. However, the 50 mg/kg of thiram injected in aerial chamber is the LD70 for 15 day old embryos. Due to the ability of thiram to chelate copper, this fungicid changed the content of copper and zinc in tissues of hen embryios. The alternations of those values, in relation to the control group of embryos, remained below the significance level of 5%.

  10. Type of paper: M.A.

    Title: Effect of tetramethyl-thiuram disulfide on biotransformation capacity of liver and the content of copper and zinc in fattening chicks and hen embryos
    Faculty: Veterinarski fakultet Zagreb
    Date of defense: 04/16/93
    Language: hrvatski
    Number of pages: 102
    Summary: The sublethal toxicity of sintetic chelator chemicalstetramethyl-thiuram disulfide was investigated by determining theactivity of some microsomal enzymes in fattening chicks and henembryos. From 14th - 28th day, chicks were fed whit usual foodwhich contained propylene glycol as a carier and thiram inconcentrations of 10 and 50 ppm. Control group were fed whit foodcontaining only propylene glycol. All the broilers were killedwhen where 28 days old. After that, the content of cyt. P-450,activity of N-demethylation of ethylmorphine and hydroxylation ofanilene was measured. At the same time, the content of copper andzinc in the tissues of liver, kidney, heart and testes wasdetermined, as well as, the relative testes weight, foodconversion and gain weight. In 18 day old embryos, tree daysafter the applications of thiram was measured the activity ofmicrosomal monooxygenases and the content of copper and zinc inheart and brain tissues. It was prooved taht thiram inconcentration of 10 ppm induced, whereas in greater (50 ppm)inhibited the activity of microsomal enzymes. In the same way,the results indicate that the thiram of 10 mg/kg decreaseddetoxication capacity of the liver in hen embryos. However, the50 mg/kg of thiram injected in aerial chamber represents the LD70for 15 day old embryos. Due to the ability of thiram to chelatecopper, this fungicid changed the content of copper and zinc intissues of chicks and hen embryos. The alterations of thesevalues in relation to the control group of chicks remained belowthe significance level of 5 %. The results presented here alsoindicate that weight gain in chicks, feeded whit thiram inconcentration of 10 and 50 ppm, and food conversion was poorer.The gonadotoxicity of thiram is especially unfavourable, what isprooved by significantly lower values of the relative andapsolute weights of testes in the experimental chicks.
    Keywords: thiram, fattening chicks and hen embryos, polysubstrate monooxygenases of liver and cytochrome P-450, haevy metal - copper and zinc.



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