SVIBOR - Project code: 3-03-287

MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Strossmayerov trg 4, HR - 10000 ZAGREB
tel.: +385 1 459 44 44, fax: +385 1 459 44 69
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Project code: 3-03-287


INCOMPATIBILITY OF CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS AND VACCINES WITH IONOPHORE ANTIBIOTICS


Main researcher: SAKAR, DARKO (64040)



Assistants
Type of research: applied
Duration from: 01/01/91. to 12/15/95.

Papers on project (total): 10
Papers on project quoted in Current Contents: 8
Institution name: Veterinarski fakultet, Zagreb (53)
Department/Institute: Department of pharmacology and toxycology
Address: Heinzelova 55
City: 10000 - Zagreb, Croatia
Communication
Phone: 385 (0)41 29-01-11
Fax: 385 (0)41 21-46-97

Summary: The effects of some antimicrobial agents (tiamulin, oleandomycin, spiramycin, chloramphenicol, sulphadimidine, enrfloxacin), fungicide (tetramethyl thiuram disulfide), anaestethics (pentobarbital, xylazine/ketamine) and fowl vaccines (avian infectious bronchitis, Newcastle-, Gumboro- and Marek's disease) on the activity of liver polysubstrate monooxygenases in hen and turkey embryos, in briolers and turkeys and also in guinea pigs will be investigated. We shall also evaluate, for some preparations, the prophylactic effect of selenium and vitamin E on the expected change in activity of the mentioned polysubstrate enzymes. Immunological response after vaccinations will be checked with the level of specific immunoglobulines. The rate and speed of the withdrawal of a specific Ig will also be measured. The compatibility of aforesaid antimicrobial agents with some ionophore antibiotics will also be examined during their simultaneous medication in food and drinking-water, in fattening chickens and pigs. In the case of clinical symptoms of toxicity, the activity of CK, ALT, AST, LDH, ALD and MDH in plasma will be measured. The results will indicate if the parallel use of mentioned antibiotics and chemotherapeutics increases the toxicity of ionophore agent. It will also be checked if the expected raise of ionophore toxicity is in connection with the lower activity of liver microsomal monooxygenases, in fact with their slower biotransformation. Moreover we shall try to see if hen and turkey embryos, and chickens and turkeys, in the first 30 days after hatching, vary with age and in the range of microsomal enzymes activity. In the same time, in turkeys, it will be invetigated immunological reaction after vacctination. We believe that our results will clear up the defenseless of turkeys in the first days after hatching, extend our knowledge of toxicological effects of fungicide thiram, antibiotic chloramphenicol respectively, on account of probable reduction in biotransformation capacity of hepatocites in experimental animals.

Keywords: Hen embryos, turkey embryos, broilers, turkeys, guinea pigs, pigs, macrolide, sulphadimidine, chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, thiram, ionophores, vit.E + selenium, avian infectious bronchitis vaccine, Newcastle disease vaccine, infectious bursal disease vaccine, Marek's disease vaccine, interaction, immunomodulation, microsomal enzymes, CK, AST, ALT, LDH, ALD, MDH.

Research goals: The aim of the research is to examine systematically if specific antimicrobial agents (tiamulin, oleandomycin, spiramycin, chloramphenicol, sulphadimidine, enrofloxacin), fungicide (tetramethyl thiuram disulfide), anaestethics (pentobarbital, xylazine/ketamine) decrease the activity of microsomal monooxygenases in the hepatocites of hen- and turkey embryos, in hepatocites of adult poultry and guinea pigs. We also intent to investigate the effects of Newcastle disease vaccine, infectious bronchitis vaccine, Gumboro- and Marek's disease vaccines on this detoxifyng system in the liver of chickens and turkeys, as well as a possiblle protective effect of the combination of microelement selenium and vitamin E. We also want to see if ionophore antibiotics narasin and monensin are myotoxic for pigs during their parallel medication with tiamulin. We expect that this research will indicate the following: 1) to what extent the mentioned chemotherapeutics, fungicide, anaestethics and vaccines modulate the activity of polysubstrate monooxygenases in the liver; 2) what the interaction of the simultaneous application of vaccines and chemotherapeutics is like, and to what extend is if the activity of microsomal enzymes is modified, if the immunological response of vaccinated poultry is modulated; 3) if the parallel application of the mentioned antibiotics increases the myotoxicity of ionophore in pigs and chickens, in other words if the activity of plasmatic enzymes grows.


COOPERATION - INSTITUTIONS


  1. Name of institution: D.D. Puris
    Type of institution: State institute
    City: 51400 - Pazin, Hrvatska

  2. Name of institution: Pliva, d.d., Istraživački institut
    Type of institution: University/Faculty
    City: 10000 - Zagreb, Croatia

  3. Name of institution: Imunološki Zavod, Zagreb, Sektor za proizvodnju hiperimunih plazmi i pokusnih životinja, Sv. Nedjelja
    Type of institution: University/Faculty
    City: 41431 - Sveta Nedjelja, Hrvatska

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Last update: 11/02/95
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