INCOMPATIBILITY OF CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS AND VACCINES WITH IONOPHORE ANTIBIOTICS
Main researcher
: SAKAR, DARKO (64040) Assistants
BIĐIN, ZDENKO (3545)
POMPE-GOTAL, JELENA (38063)
PREVENDAR-CRNIĆ, ANDREJA (900396)
Type of research: applied Duration from: 01/01/91. to 12/15/95. Papers on project (total): 10
Papers on project quoted in Current Contents: 8
Institution name: Veterinarski fakultet, Zagreb (53) Department/Institute: Department of pharmacology and toxycology Address: Heinzelova 55 City: 10000 - Zagreb, Croatia
Communication
Phone: 385 (0)41 29-01-11
Fax: 385 (0)41 21-46-97
Summary: The effects of some antimicrobial agents (tiamulin,
oleandomycin, spiramycin, chloramphenicol, sulphadimidine, enrfloxacin),
fungicide (tetramethyl thiuram disulfide), anaestethics (pentobarbital,
xylazine/ketamine) and fowl vaccines (avian infectious bronchitis,
Newcastle-, Gumboro- and Marek's disease) on the activity of liver
polysubstrate monooxygenases in hen and turkey embryos, in briolers and
turkeys and also in guinea pigs will be investigated. We shall also
evaluate, for some preparations, the prophylactic effect of selenium and
vitamin E on the expected change in activity of the mentioned polysubstrate
enzymes. Immunological response after vaccinations will be checked with the
level of specific immunoglobulines. The rate and speed of the withdrawal of
a specific Ig will also be measured. The compatibility of aforesaid
antimicrobial agents with some ionophore antibiotics will also be examined
during their simultaneous medication in food and drinking-water, in
fattening chickens and pigs. In the case of clinical symptoms of toxicity,
the activity of CK, ALT, AST, LDH, ALD and MDH in plasma will be measured.
The results will indicate if the parallel use of mentioned antibiotics and
chemotherapeutics increases the toxicity of ionophore agent. It will also
be checked if the expected raise of ionophore toxicity is in connection
with the lower activity of liver microsomal monooxygenases, in fact with
their slower biotransformation. Moreover we shall try to see if hen and
turkey embryos, and chickens and turkeys, in the first 30 days after
hatching, vary with age and in the range of microsomal enzymes activity. In
the same time, in turkeys, it will be invetigated immunological reaction
after vacctination. We believe that our results will clear up the
defenseless of turkeys in the first days after hatching, extend our
knowledge of toxicological effects of fungicide thiram, antibiotic
chloramphenicol respectively, on account of probable reduction in
biotransformation capacity of hepatocites in experimental animals.
Research goals: The aim of the research is to examine systematically
if specific antimicrobial agents (tiamulin, oleandomycin, spiramycin,
chloramphenicol, sulphadimidine, enrofloxacin), fungicide (tetramethyl
thiuram disulfide), anaestethics (pentobarbital, xylazine/ketamine)
decrease the activity of microsomal monooxygenases in the hepatocites of
hen- and turkey embryos, in hepatocites of adult poultry and guinea pigs.
We also intent to investigate the effects of Newcastle disease vaccine,
infectious bronchitis vaccine, Gumboro- and Marek's disease vaccines on
this detoxifyng system in the liver of chickens and turkeys, as well as a
possiblle protective effect of the combination of microelement selenium and
vitamin E. We also want to see if ionophore antibiotics narasin and
monensin are myotoxic for pigs during their parallel medication with
tiamulin. We expect that this research will indicate the following: 1) to
what extent the mentioned chemotherapeutics, fungicide, anaestethics and
vaccines modulate the activity of polysubstrate monooxygenases in the
liver; 2) what the interaction of the simultaneous application of vaccines
and chemotherapeutics is like, and to what extend is if the activity of
microsomal enzymes is modified, if the immunological response of vaccinated
poultry is modulated; 3) if the parallel application of the mentioned
antibiotics increases the myotoxicity of ionophore in pigs and chickens, in
other words if the activity of plasmatic enzymes grows.
COOPERATION - INSTITUTIONS
Name of institution
: D.D. Puris Type of institution: State institute City: 51400 - Pazin, Hrvatska
Name of institution
: Pliva, d.d., Istraživački institut Type of institution: University/Faculty City: 10000 - Zagreb, Croatia
Name of institution
: Imunološki Zavod, Zagreb, Sektor za
proizvodnju hiperimunih plazmi i pokusnih životinja, Sv. Nedjelja Type of institution: University/Faculty City: 41431 - Sveta Nedjelja, Hrvatska Other information about the project.