SVIBOR - Project code: 3-03-297

MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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Project code: 3-03-297


Investigation of the Fetal Membranes and the Fetal Organs Under Different Conditions


Main researcher: ZOBUNDŽIJA, MLADEN (55014)



Assistants
Type of research: basic
Duration from: 01/01/91. to 12/15/95.

Papers on project (total): 11
Institution name: Veterinarski fakultet, Zagreb (53)
Department/Institute: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology
Address: Heinzelova 55
City: 10000 - Zagreb, Croatia
Communication
Phone: 385 (0)41 290-111, 290-240
Fax: 385 (0) 214-697
E-mail: tomic mavef.vef.hr (internet)

Summary: The activity of hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes (AP, SP, NE, LDH, SDH, IDH, GLDH, Gl-6-PDH, ŕ-GPDH, á-HBDH, NADH2 and NADPH2) was investigated in the allantoic and amnionic epithelium of pig fetuses 35-37 days old. The investigated enzymes were found in the allantoic and amnionic epithelium in different degrees of activity. The concentration of estradiol and progesterone was controlled in the allantoic and amnionic fluid of the same fetuses. The concentration of estradiol was ranging 0.02-63.82 mmol/l in the amnionic fluid and 0.02-35.23 mmol/l in the allantoic fluid, the concentration of progesterone being 1.3-8.5 mmol/l in the amnionic and 4.7-307.0 mmol/l in the allantoic fluid. The morphology of cells as well as the activity of the mentioned enzymes were studied in the chorionic, amnionic and allantoic epithelium and in the endometrium of wild pigs gravid for 28-77 days and in deers gravid for 8 weeks. In the fetal fluids of the same fetuses the concentration of sodium and potassium was stated varying within the fetuses of the same or of different age. The influence of hypervitaminosis D3 on the parenchymal organs and placental tissues was investigated in mice and rats. In sacrified animals the sedimentation of calcium was proofed histochemically in subepicardium, within pulmonar alveoli, in renal ducts, in liver cells and in spleen, along placental vessels and within fetal tissues, and it was the strongest in the animals that died till the end of the experiment (6th day). The development of NADPH2-d positive neurons was controlled in the prefrontal cortex of rats 0-210 days old. These neurones have an prolonged development, their definitive distribution being established after 21 days and their definitve morphology after 60 days, which indicates an older phylogenetic origin of the prefrontal cortex and later maturing of the corresponding neurotransmitting system. The appearance of collagen was controlled in skeletal muscles of rat fetuses. In muscles collagen is apparent on the 15th day, being more manifested on the 18th day. During the development of the skin in mice, the activity of SDH, ŕ-GLDH, á-HBDH, NADH2 and NADPH2 increase till the 18th day of fetal age, and the 20th day the activity decreases because of initiation of the horning process. Within the mice placenta the activity of AP and NE increases till the 18th day, of SP till the 14th day and the activity of 5-nucleotidase and adenilcyclase is increasing till the end of gravidity. During the experimentally provoked acidosis, the activity of GLDH, Gl-6-PDH and á-HBDH within the trophoblast and decidua is more intense, which might be justified by a possible role played by the placenta in regulation of acidobasic balance. Investigating the morphohistochemical characteristics of muscles, we presented a new procedure by means of which various types of muscle fibres and connective tissue may be shown simultaneously within the muscles of birds.

Keywords: fetus, placenta, fetal skin, allantoic epithelium, amnionic epithelium, enzymes, fetal fluids, sodium, potassium, estradiol, progesterone, NADPH2-d positive neurons, prefrontal cortex, rats, mice, domestic pig, wild pig, deer, hypervitaminosis D3.

Research goals: Investigations of fetal placenta and of fetal organs in normal and experimental conditions do continue our former investigations and they include those made on some organs of domestic pigs, wild pigs, roes and deers, rabbits, rats and mice and, possibly, of other animals from different biotopes, inclusively those that are more or less exposed to various chemical influences. These investigations will extend and complete our actual knowledge concerning: the histomorphological characteristics of fetal placenta, the dynamics of chemical components in fetal fluids, and the influence of the environment if there is such influence. Experimentally simulated some influences on the fetal placenta as a whole as well as on fetal tissues might show some compesatory possibilities and capacities of placental tissue reacting to negative stimulations. Such investigations could offer considerable contribution to a better knowledge of what is really occuring within the fetal placenta itself. The contributions should give an account of: the manifest dynamics of enzymatic activities related with growth and development of the placenta itself as well as of the extraembryonal membranes, the knowledge of enzymatic and ionic components within fetal fluids, the cognition of reactions of fetal tissues as responding to some chemical stimulations or interactions with fetal tissue components within fetal organs. The obtained results would be a further contribution to a knowledge of reproduction in domestic and wild animals as well as to a study of possible influences on the reproduction itself. The inclusion of junior investigators and students into the program of our research will contribute to the education of new scientific personnel, so that we believe that our investigations will apport new scientific publications, student papers, master,s and doctoral dissertations and numerous congress communications.

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