- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Vrbanac, I., Udovičić, I., Valpotić, I.:Prevelance of K88
(F4), K99 (F5), and 987P (F6) fimbrial antigens of Escherichi coli osolated
from the pigs with colibacillosis.
- Authors:
- PRACHAK, POOMVISES
- Lacković, Gordana
- Lacković, Gordana
Journal: Stočarstvo
Number: 6
ISSN: 0372-5480
Volume: 63
Year: 991
Pages: from 339 to 354
Number of references: 43
Language: engleski
Summary: Twenty - two suckling pigs (2 weeks old) and l3 weaned (5
weeksold) pigs that died of neonatal or postnatal diarrheal disease were
necropsied and the material from their jejunum was submitted to
fimbriae slide agglutination test to indefy K88,K99 and 987P (F4,F5, F6)
on E.coli isolates grown in vitro.Of 32 pigs in which E. coli fimbriae
were found K88 50% (l6), K9931,2 % (10) , 987P (3), and 3 pigs (9,4)
had K88 and 987P simultaneously.The remaing 3 isolates were nontypeable
with used antisera.Fiftin of 35 isolates examined for hemolisinproduction
were hemolitic; of 60% were K(( positive, and 80% originated from
suckling pigs.
Keywords: Escherichia coli, fimbrial antigens, colibacilosis, suckling and weaned pigs.
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Krsnik, B, Cerovečki B., Balenović,T., Vijtiuk,
N.,Yammine, R., Vrbanac, I.:The interaction between bioclimate and
most frequent types of piglets losses in farrowing facillities.
- Authors:
- Lacković, Gordana
- Yammine, Rayan
- Sušić, Velimir (171173)
Journal: Stočarstvo
Number: 2
ISSN: 636.-068
Volume: 67
Year: 1992
Pages: from 21 to 24
Number of references: 28
Language: hrvatski
Summary: In the pig production managment microclimate monitoring of
largeor cooperative production facilities is gaining everyday farms
in its important. During the period of one year researches havebeen
accomplished on a large pig-breeding farm. By monitoringpiglets in the
farrowing units an attempt was made toestablishthe interaction between some
particularbioclimatefactors and the prevelance of gastrointestinal syndrome
andpneumonia.We have establishe that lowtemperature in November
anddecember (l7,5řC and l7,1 řC) low air speed (0,11 ms-1) and highrelative
humidity (79% and 77%) resulted in high incidence oflosses due to the
gastrointestinal syndrome (27 and 38 dead pigs)or pneumonia(58 and 68) dead
pigs.
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: Krsnik, B., Cerovečki,I., Balenović, T., Vijtiuk, N.,
Yammine R., Vrbanac, I.: Bioclimate, health status and weight gain in
fattening swine feed different diets.
- Authors:
- Cerovečki, Ivan
- Balenović, Tomislav (1771)
- Vijtiuk, Nada (184811)
Journal: Stočarstvo
Number: 3
ISSN: 636.-068
Volume: 47
Year: 1993
Pages: from 119 to 126
Number of references: 26
Language: hrvatski
Summary: Bioclimate studies were condusted in pre fattenining and
fattening units of a large swine farm, located in the continental climate
zone influenced by alpine climate. Bioclimate parameters (air temperature,
air speed, relative and absolute humidity, and gasses CO2 and NH3) were
monitored monthly during one year period.Minimal and average values were
recorded. The managment and housing technology of triple crossbreed
(swedish landracexYorkshirexGerman landrace) is briefly
described.During the fattening period the pigs were fed with complete
pre fattening and fattening mixtures. In the first part of monitoring the
pigs were fed with liquid feed. In the second part of monitoring, after the
reconstruction of the facilities, they were fed the IBO system equipment.
The results of production of fattening pigs in the period from 1975 to
1984 are also presented (growth rate and feed conversion ,necessary
slaughter, losses) as well as health after the reconstruction of the farm
and eradication of swine dysentery.
Keywords: Bioclime,health,gain,fattening, feeding swine.
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title:
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: I. Valpotić, Nada Vijtiuk, D. Radeljević, V. Bilić, B.
Krsnik, I. Vrbanac and M. Laušin: Nonspecific immunization of primiparous
sows with Baypamun enhances lacteal immunity in their offsprings
Journal: Veterinrski arhiv
Number: 4
ISSN: 0872-5480
Volume: 63
Year: 1993
Pages: from 161 to 172
Number of references: 19
Summary: The immunologic response modifier Baypamun obtained from
inactivated Parapos ovis (strain D1701) was tested in order to establish
wheter or not it could 1) stimulate humoral/lacteal immunity in gilts, 2)
enhance passively acquired colostral immunity in their sucklings, and 3)
decrese losses due to the gastrointestinal syndrome (GIS) among these pigs
during preweaning period.Ten parturient gilts were given i.m. 2 ml. of
Baypamun solution 9,7, and 2 days before the anticipated farrowing.Two
control groups comprising 10 parturient gilts or sows each received 2 mL
of saline as a placebo.The immunological observations were performed in
the dams before farrowing and in their offsprings(along with
clinical,bacteriological, ambiental and production parameters) from birth
to weaning. Baypamun treated gilts had significantly higher (P 0.05) serum
levels of total proteins (TS) and immunoglobulins (Igs) than nontreated
gilts. The serum levels of Igs and TP in pigs born to gilts injected
with Baypamun were significantly higher 7 days (P 0.01) and 14 days (P
0.01;P 0.05) after farrowing, respectively, than those in both control
groups. Pigs born to Baypamun treated gilts survived much better
(8.6/9.5 or 9o.5% weaned pigs per litter) than the offspring from the
control sows(7.9/9.9 or 79.8%) during the preweaning period. No losses
due to the GIS were observed in principals. Fifty percent ( in litters of
sows) or 83.3% (in litters of gilts) of total losses were diagnosed as the
GIS among control pigs).
Keywords: Immunization, gilts, Baypamun, humoral/lacteal immunity, suckling pigs.
- Type of paper
: Paper in journal
Title: T. Balenović, I. Vrbanac, I. Valpotić, B.
Krsnik:Monitoring of the piglets losses in intesive swine production
- Authors:
- Sušić, Velimir (171173)
- Sušić, Velimir (171173)
Journal: Stočarstvo
Number: 3-4
ISSN: 636.-068
Volume: 48
Year: 1994
Pages: from 83-91 to 91
Number of references: 9
Language: engleski
Summary: The causes of losses of suckling pigs from a large swine
farm investigated and classified on the basis of monthly pathomorphological
examination in the period from June 1985 to May 1988. The most common
losses in the preweaning period were due to stillbirth,
overlaying/crushing, culling(technological waste), and disease among which
gastrointestinal syndrome (GIS) was predominant. The other disease
(pneumonia, edema disease, congenital abnoramalities) made a minor impact
on the total mortality rate and were excluded from the study).
An average of 29,4% of all losses were prepartiurent death ranging from
26.6% in Decembar to 32.2% in October.A similar average of 28.8% pigs died
of crushing. The lovest incidence
of crushing was also observed in December (25.8%); the higest ws recorded
in Auguust (32.7%).Of total losses 14.1% were due to culling with the
minimum in November (11.4%) and the maximum in December (18.5%). Of those
pigs that died of GIS, the lowest occurencews recorded in October (14%) and
the highest in November (24.7%), with an average of 18.9% for
three-year-period of observation.By sistematicaly collecting data on
current pathology during that period and applying computerassisted program
for the third degree trend curve we calculated the tendency of the
proportion of monitored categories of losses in the total loss of pigs.
Based on the trend curve for empiric (observed) losses with the lowest
aberrattion from those for theoretical (expected) losses we were able
to predict the tendency of each category of losses on large swine farm for
a period of another three years.However, the significant changes in
housing, mamangment or technology of production, and outbreaks of disease
should be considered before any firm conclusions are made.
Keywords: Monitoring, losses, piglets
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Udovičić,I., VAlpotić, I.,Krsnik, B., Laušin, M., Vrbanac,
I.: Effects of new in-feed Escherichia coli Bacterin colimix on weaning
pigs.
- Authors:
- Laušin, Marijan
- Editors
- Edited by the Scientific, Commitee of the 12 IPVS
Proceedings title: Proceedings
Language: engleski
Place: The Hague, Nizozemska
Year: 1992
ISBN/ISSN: 90-900 18 14x
Pages: from 256 to 256
Meeting: 12 World Congres of InternationalPig Veterinary society.
Held: from 08/17/92 to 08/20/92
Summary: Although the existing vaccines for control of neonatal
colibacilosis can be used to protect neonates via passive lacteal
immunity, they are not suitable for protection against postweaning
enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC).Infections in swine because the
pigs have been deprived of acces to pilus-specific antibodies from
their dams.The existing vaccine are not suitable for active immunization
of pigs after weaning , because they are injected parenteraly and
stimulate the systemic, rather than the mucosal immunity. Oral vaccines
stimulate active intestinal immunity resulting in local (and systemic
production of secretory antibodies which are secreted into intestinal
lumen. and provide protection against ETEC pilus antigens. The field
trial was conducted in comercial (previously found to have high incidence
of postweaning colibacillosis) in northwest Croatia during Decenber and
January of 1991.A total of 132 crossbred 2-weeks-old pigs were randomly
assigned to either principal(n=67 ) or control (n=65) group. The
principals were fed a diet supplemented with Colimix, according to the
instructions of the manufacturer, at 2 and 5 weeks of age.Clinical
obsrvation and evidence of diarrhea were recorded daily, starting on the
day of weaning(at 3weeks of age). The death due to diarrhea were recorded
at necropsy and section and provided for bacteriuology. Body weight gain
was checked twice within 3 weeks after vaccination.Blood sampling was
performed at 6 weeks of age and IgG titers in serum were determed using
ELISA. Ambietal factors ( air temperature, relative humidity , drafts,
gasses as CO" and NH3) were monitored by Solomat 2000 (solomat, Every,
France) every seven days after the first vaccination.
It was concluded that Colimix vaccina feeding may provide control of
postweaning E. coli diarrhea and reduction of setback in rapidly growing
pigs.Furthmore, the assiciation of Colimix feeding with the better rates
of weight gain may provide justification for recommendable vaccination of
2a-week-old pigs.
Keywords: Colimix, diarrhea, weaning, pigs.
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Ćurić, S., Vrbanac, I., Krsnik, B., Valpotić, I.,
Bašić,I.:Effects of colimix on diarrhea and weaning setback by
eneterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in three-week-old pigs..
- Authors:
- Ćurić, Stipica (108013)
- Editors
- Edted by the Scientific Comite, 12 Worlg Congress Den Hague
Proceedings title: Proceedings
Language: engleski
Place: The Hague, Nizozemska
Year: 1992
ISBN/ISSN: 90-900-18 14-
Pages: from 258 to 258
Meeting: l2th world Congres of IPVS
Held: from 08/17/92 to 08/20/92
Summary: Although the existing vaccines against porcine
enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infections can be used to protect
neonatal pigs via passive lacteal immunity., they are not suitable for
protection against postweaning ETEC infections in swine. Presumably
because of the parenteral vaccination regimens used, protection depends
largely on serum IgG, which is unlikely to reach the intestinal lumen in
quantities sufficient to prevent ETEC diarrhea in weaned pigs. Oral
vaccines that stimulate the mucosal immune system, resulting in local
production of secretory antibodies against ETEC fimbrial antigens are
needed to prevent intestinal colinazation and diarrhea in weaned pigs. Live
ETE are effective fimbrial vaccines (1) , killed ETEC or isolated
fimbriae are much less effective (2) . We have used a model for the
for the induction of diarrhea in weaned (3 weeks-old-pigs , by F4+
enterotoxigenic E. coli strain MI823 in susceptible pigs.The model includes
feeding a diet containig new E. coli bacterin, Colimix(Solvay Animal
Health, Inc. , Mendota Heights, MN USA) consist of a mixture of killed
bacteria expresing F4,F5, F6 and F41 fimbrial antigens. The objectives of
the study reported here were to (1) determine whether Colimix in the
diet effects the incidence or severity of diarrheal disease in the model,
and to (2) evaluate whether the resistance to F4-mediated adhesion and/or
Colimix- treatment correlate positively with rate of weight gain among
market pigs.
Diarrhea developed in F4-susceptble pigs in the control (1 of 5 pigs) and
Colimix-treated/M1823-inoculated (4 of 7 pigs) groups, and 4 of the 4
affected principals died from complications resulting from diarrhea. None
of the 8 F4-susceptible Colimix- treated noninoculated pigs developed
diarrhea before 3 weeks of age.The F4 rezistent pigs from the control
and colimix treated/M1823 inoculated groups gained weight significantly
faster from 6 to 21 day after inoculation (P 0.05) difference in weight
gain between susceptible and resistant Colimix treated non-inoculated
pigs.The F4 susceptible pigs in the Colimix treated group gained weight
significantly faster from 6 to 21 Day after inoculation than their
susceptible counterparts in the control (P .001 and P 0.01,respectively)
and colivalues for anti-F4 antibody in the intestinal secretions from pigs
treated with Colimix or Colimix-treated /M1823-inoculated were much higher
(P 0.01) than those from control pigs.
Keywords: Colimix, diarrhea, weaned pigs.
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Balenović, T. Krsnik, B. Vijtjuk, N., Valpotić, I.,
Vrbanac, I.:Interdepedence of paragenitic factors and incidence of most
common losses among weaned pigs.
- Authors:
- Vijtiuk, Nada (184811)
- Editors
- Franković, Marijan
- Balenović, Tomislav (1771)
- Balenović, Tomislav (1771)
Proceedings title: Proceedings
Language: engleski
Place: The Hague, Nizozemska
Year: 1992
ISBN/ISSN: 90-900 18 14X
Pages: from 548 to 548
Meeting: l2th World Congres of IPVS
Held: from 08/17/92 to 08/20/92
Summary: The occurence of diarrheal disease due to certain
enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli (ETEC) immediately after
weaning appears to involve immunological (1)and nutritional factors (2).
Also, the stressful events accompanying weaning (loss of mothering, change
of feed, changes in ambiental temperature and managment, and social
interaction with pigs from other litters) have been associated with an
increase of diarrhea(3,4). It is also possible that, at weaning, the gut
becomes acutely susceptible to ETEC because it is no longer protected by
lactogenic immunity.Weaning may trigger the proliferation of rota-virus
and other enteric pathogens (5).The objectives of this study were to (1)
determine the causes of pig mortality based on both clinical observations
and necropsy findings, and to(2) correlate the incidence of losses
resulting from gastrointestinal syndrome (GIS) or bronchopeumonia (BP)
anmong weaned pigs with changes in air temperature and/or relative
humidity in the rearing unit of the farm. A Positive was found between
ambiental air temperature and frequency (mortality) of Bp (r=+0.42) or
GIS (r=+0.49). Also, it was establisdhed that incidence of BP and
GIS correlated positively with relative humidity (r=+0.36 and r=+0.17
respectively).
Keywords: Interdepedence, losses, weaned pigs.
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: The influence of paragenetic factors on most common losses
in suckling pigs .
- Authors:
- Zidar, Vlado
- Editors
- Edited by the Scientific, Commitee of the 12th IPVS
Proceedings title: Proc.l2th World Congres of IPVS
Language: engleski
Place: The Hague, Nizozemska
Year: 1992
ISBN/ISSN: 90-900 18 14X
Pages: from 549 to 549
Meeting: l2th World Congres of IPVS
Held: from 08/17/92 to 08/20/92
Summary: Preweaning mortality is a significant cause of losses in
swine
industry, with rates of 11.3% to 22.3% having been reported in different
countries. It is estimated that losses among suckling pigs in Croatia
ranging from 10% to 25%.- Infectious diarrhea is the most common cause of
mortality or sickness of neonatal pigs, and enterotoxigenic Escherichia
coli(ETEC) was indentified to be the ethiologic agent in more than 50% of
the cases submitted to diagnostic laboratories in this country. Several
factors associate with farrowing and sucklking are thought to predispose
to neonatal diarrhea.Changes in enviromental temperature feed and
decrease of lactogenic immunity have resulted in increased incidence and
duration of diarrhea after infection with ETEC.
The study was conducted in one farrowing unit of a large intesive swine
farm in Croatia during the period between January and October of 1989.
Clinical observations were made daily and examination of pigs that died was
limited to gross observation at necropsy..Each death was classified into
a category based upon the ultimate cause of death.Ambietal conditions such
as air temperature and relative humidity were monitored monthly using
Solomat MPM 2000 (Solomatm Evry, France).
The study was conducted in one farrowing unit of a large intesive swine
farm in Croatia during the period between january and October of 1989.
In the results in this study is very important there was a positive
correlation between incidence (mortality) of GIS and changes in air
tempertature. Such correlation was not established between mortality due
to BP and changes in relative humidity. Both, relative humidity and air
temeorature had no effect on mortality/rates recorded for GIS and BP,
respectively. It was concluded that stressfull changes in air temperature
may predispose to GIS by triggering the proliferation of
pathogens(bacteria or viruses) that have been carried in the gut at
subclinical levels during the suckling period.
Keywords: Paragenetic factors, common losses, suckling piglets.
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Udovičić, I., Vrbanac, I., Valpotić, I., Krsnik,B.,
Balenović, T.: Necrotic enteritis in pigs. Contamination of feed for sows
with Clostridium perfrigens
- Editors
- Zidar, Vlado
Proceedings title: Proceedings
Language: engleski
Place: Bangkok, Thailand
Year: 1994
ISBN/ISSN: 974-584-085-8
Pages: from 225 to 225A3
Meeting: 13th International Pig veterinary Society Congress 26-30 June 1994
Held: from 06/26/94 to 06/30/94
Summary: Although porcine necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by
Clostridium perfrigens is known for almost fourty years (1), it is still
not well elucidated a role of the contaminated feed for lactating sows in
the incidence of the disease . The association between the diet for
sows and the incidence of clostridial infection in suckling pigs has
been reported earlier.
The curent study has been undertaken to reveal the possible influence of
C. perfrigens-contamination feed for sows on the incidence of NE among pigs
on four large -scale farms in Slovenia and Bosnia and Hercegovina.
As can be seen from the results, the losses due to NE the farm in
Slovenian (1) ranged from 2-% to 15% regardless the abscens of
feed contamination (November of 1990) or in the presence of high feed
contamination (April- May of 1987; January of 1991) respectively. Since
we monitored the incidence of NE in the Farm in Slovenia (1) from its
begining in 1987(4), we have assumed that the infective material when
once in the farm is very hard to eliminate, because it could be spread
elsewhere from the feed. The incidence of NE in the farm 2 (Slovenia) was
probably not connected with the feed contamination of feed which was
negligible.A low contamination of feed in the Farms 3 and 4 (Bosnia and
Hercegovina) and the absence of NE, indicate that the diet free of C.
perfrigens could be important factor in the prevention of among suckling
pigs.
Keywords: Necrotic enteritis, Contamination of feed, Clostridium perfrigens, suckling piglets.
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: Balenović, T., Vrbanac, I., Sušić, V., Vitijuk, N.,
Krsnik, B.: Age related growth of weaned pigs:correlation between live
body weight gain at the start and finish of rearing period.
- Authors:
- Sušić, Velimir
- Editors
- Sušić, Velimir
Proceedings title: Proceedings
Language: engleski
Place: Bangkok, Thailand
Year: 1994
ISBN/ISSN: 974-584-085-8
Pages: from 463 A
Meeting: 13th International Pig veterinary Society Congress 26-30 June 1994
Held: from 06/26/94 to 06/30/94
Summary: It is important to know properties decisive for the
production and breeding performance in the intesive swine
industry.Characteristic of growth rate are one of them.Definition of growth
correlates body-mass increase with time periods. In large swine populations
with homogenous breed and sex composition, it is important to know the
possibilities of growth in all age groups of pigs to attain adjustable
managmant related to the expected production.The base of the results were
given may to concluse: 1. Live body weight gain of 8o old-day-pigs is
proportionally correspodent to weight of 24-day-old pigs;2. Obtained linear
correlation is strong positive and significant; 3. There is no significant
correlation between sex and live weight change.
Keywords: Age, Growth,weaned pigs, Correlation.
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: T. Balenović, I. Vrbanac. V. Sušić, N. Vijtiuk and B.
Krsnik:Age-related growth of weaned pigs: Correaltion between live body
weight gain at the start anf finuish start of rearing period.
- Authors:
- Sušić, Velimir
- Editors
- Prachak, Poomvises
Proceedings title: Proceedings
Language: engleski
Place: Bangkok, Thailand
Year: 1944
ISBN/ISSN: 974-584-085-8
Pages: from 463 to 463A3
Meeting: 13 International Pig Veterinary Society Congress
Held: from 06/26/00 to 06/30/94
Summary:
It is important to know properties decisive for the production and
breeding performance swine industry. Characteristic of growth rate are one
of them. Definition of growth correlate body - mass increase with time
periods. In large swine population with homogenous breed and sex
composition, it is important to know the possibilities of growth in
all age groups of pigs to attain adjustable managment related to the
expected production. This study was performed in large-scale swine farm
with 6000 pigs production per year.According to rearing managment , Swedish
Landrace xLarge Yorkshire sows were mated with germany landrace boars.In
the frrowing unit ere 18 prepartiurent sows, which produced 137 weaned
pigs. During rearing 23 pigs were lost.Weighing was pertformed in seven
day intervals during the rearing period. All pigs were fed with commercialy
available feed mixtures ad libidum.Without of results presentation we
will give a short conclusion: (1) Live body weight gain of 80-day-old-pigs
is proportionallly correspodent to weight of 24-day-old-pigs.(2) Obtained
linear correlation is strong, positive and significant. (3) There is no
significant correlation between sex and live body weight change.
Keywords: Old pigs, growth gain, weaned pigs
- Type of paper
: Paper in proceedings
Title: I. Vrbanac, T. Balenović, N. Vijtiuk, L.J. King, s.,
ćurić: Study of swine pathology: The follow-up study of commom cathegories
of lsses in prefattening swine.
- Authors:
- Sušić, Velimir (171173)
- Editors
- Lacković, Gordana
- Vijtiuk, Nada (184811)
Proceedings title: Proceedings
Language: engleski
Place: Bangkok, Thailand
Year: 1994
ISBN/ISSN: 974-584-085-8
Pages: from 442 to 442
Meeting: 13 International Pig Veterinary Society Congress
Held: from 06/26/00 to 06/30/94
Summary: Understanding of monitoring systeme in swine pathology in
large scale units in prefattening phase of production is possible by
prognostic models based on observations during year period.Accomplisment
of this task could be managed by computerised monitoring system cennected
with recording system for pathomorpholocal findings in prefattening
period.
Prediction of most common losses among pigs will facilitate preventive and
therapeutic measures assential for their control.
In this investigation we have collected data on most common losses among
prefattening pigs from professional team of the farm Veterinarians, which
were later revised and analyzed by university pathologist.
The frequence of losses due to gastroenteritis have shown in prefattening
period an increase from February to June in 19887/89. year. The curves of
pneumonia complex (the frequency of losses) during two investigated years
were very similary except in 1988/89 when many cases of pneumonia occured
post enzootic.The most common diseases included in GIS in prefattening
swine were dysentery (47%) and salmonelosis (13%) and other losses were
non -specific scours.The simalar situation was found in USA after
consideration of swine dysentery .Esophagogastric ulcer or proventricular
ulcer of gastric mucosa were present with 0.68% of GIS syndrome. The case
pneumonia was similar in other countries, and it was the most important
disease associated with M;ycoplasma hyopneumoniae.In the pneumonia was
found in 5.7% of pigs which is less than twenty-four years ago when 80% of
populations of prefattening swine were infected.
Keywords: Swine pathology, monitoring, prefattening pigs .
- Type of paper
: Summary in proceedings
Title:
- Type of paper
: M.A.
Title:
- Type of paper
: M.A.
Title:
- Type of paper
: M.A.
Title:
- Type of paper
: M.A.
Title: MONITORING OF THE LOSSES DURING SUCKLING AND WEANED PERIOD
IN INTESIVE SWINE PRODUCTION
Faculty: Veterinarski Zagrebačko sveučilište
Author: VRBANAC IVAN
Date of defense: 06/30/95
Language: hrvatski
Number of pages: 65
Summary: Every intesive production requires the biggest possible
profit, the best possible capacity of exploatation and a continous
production. Pig production is not an exepmtion.It can be realized in large
production units with a big number of animals, and a well organised
proffesional service, which will select animals desirable breeding
qualities.
Along with the evolution of intesive pig production it has been noticed
that a certain number of swine is culled or perish due to health
disturbance.It is well known the biggest losses occur during suckling, and
in the rearing period after weaning.
The basic condition for sistematic monitoring of intesive production
swine pathology is the accurate spoting of dead animals, as well as the
establihment of the causes of death or culling.Such current pathology must
be diagnosed by necropsy.
It is presumable that on the ground of assembed data, concerning losses of
swine caused by diseases, as well as dose not caused by illnes, the
frequency and development tendency, regarding the structure, of particular
losses, could be anticipated through a longer or shorter time period.
The research was accomplished on the "Dubravica" farm near by Zagreb.During
research, necropsies of perished suckling performed daily,during a period
of one year.In the classification of losses we applied SNOVET systeme(
Scientific National Organisation of Veterinary Terminoloy).
The structure and volume of losses in farrowing units were as follows:
crushed piglets 37.8%, culled piglets 7.6%, cachexia 1.9%, Starvation 8.0%.
Beside the mentioned categories of losses, which were not caused by
diseases, we also monitored those caused by illnes, as gastroenteritis
which caused 41.4% of total losses and pneumonia with a remarkable lower
rate of 3.3%.The season did not appear to influence the frequency per
category of losses, during a six month period, except for those caused bay
pneumonia with the highest rate during winter.
The structure of losses in rearing units ws as follows: the highest rate
oof losses was caused by gastroenteriti, 40.4% of total losses followed by
losses caused by pneumonia 20.4%, and losses not caused by diseases
although influenced by them, as cahexia with 18.7% of total losses.Theese
cathegories are followed by losses such as limfadenitis and arthritis
(2%). cardial synkopa(1.5%, canibalism (2.65%, and finally some sporadic
illnes as stomach ulcer, liver distrophy,cystitis, intestinal meteorism,
suffocation, liver or bladder rupture, with a total rate 7.8%.
The distribution of pig losses during the entire year, di not seem to be
considerably influenced by seasonal or climatic condition, exept for
losses caused by pneumonia , with the highest rate during winter in the
farrowing unit .
the conclusion based on the our results are:
-- that the approuch to the in our research, in order to quantitatively
establish the most frequent causes of losses in intensive pig
production, has shown to be justified;
- that such an approuch, based on systematic health monitoring through
necropsy diagnosis of vanished or culled pigs, offers to farm veterinarians
a possibility for a more efficient pig health protection.
Keywords: MOnitoring, the losses, pathology, piglets, weaners
- Type of paper
: Mentorship
Title:
- Type of paper
: Computer program
Title:
- Type of paper
: Manuscript
Title:
