SVIBOR - Project code: 4-01-088

MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Strossmayerov trg 4, HR - 10000 ZAGREB
tel.: +385 1 459 44 44, fax: +385 1 459 44 69
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Project code: 4-01-088


CREATION OF SELF-POLLINATED SUNFLOWER LINES AND USE OF HETEROSIS


Main researcher: KRIZMANIĆ, MIROSLAV (23626)



Assistants
Type of research: basic
Duration from: 01/01/91. to 12/31/95.

Papers on project (total): 32
Papers on project quoted in Current Contents: 1
Institution name: Poljoprivredni institut, Osijek (73)
Department/Institute: Department for Genetics and Breeding of Industrial Plants
Address: Južno predgrađe 17
City: 31000 - Osijek, Croatia
Communication
Phone: 385 (0)
Phone: 385 (0)31 554 965
Fax: 385 (0)31 126 553

Summary: The investigations have involved creation of genetically diverse homozygotic sunflower lines. Various cultivars from Russia, Ukraina, Romania, Bulgaria, Spain, France, the USA, the Argentina and other countries with developed sunflower breeding have been used as an original material consisting of various varietal populations, intervarietal hybrids, line hybrids and interspecies hybrids. In this investigation, pedigree method, recurrent selection, mass selection and Pustavoit"s method of seed reserves will be applied. The lines will be tested for GCA and SCA in the S3 and S4 generation of self-pollination by the polycross and topcross methods and the method of dialel crossing. Male sterility necessary for crossing will be obtained with giberelic acid (0,16%) or cms lines with good combining abilities will be used. In testing and selection of lines, special attention will be paid to resistance to diseases, the oil content (higher than 50%) and other important agronomic traits. The lines with good combining abilities will be transformed to cms form by the method of back-crossing. Hereby the most suitable sources of cms will be used as discovered by Leclercq (1969) by crossing Helianthus petiolaris X Helianthus annuus. Also, some other sources by Anaščenko (1974), Whelan (1980), Heiser (1982) and Serieys (1986) will be used. or the practical use of heterosis in sunflower, high-quality Rf-lines for the restoration of fertility in the F1 generations are to be created. A large number of cultivars from the numerous gene collection available,the present sources by Leclercq (l971), Fick and Zimmer (1974), as well as Rf lines created at the Osijek Agricultural Institute will be used as sources of restorer genes. The lines with good combining abilities will be transformed to the Rf lines with special emphasis on recessive branching. Within hybridization, approximately 1000 new hybrid combinations will be created a year. The combinations will be tested in preliminary micro-field trials, macrofield trials, by the Croatian Committee for Recognition of Agricultural Crop Varieties and also in other countries.

Keywords: sunflower, female line, restorer lines, combining abilities, hybridization

Research goals: The objective of the investigation is to create lines with good combining abilities which will attain progenies of large yield potential of kernels (over 5t/ha) and oil (over 2t/ha) after crosssing. Since yield of kernels and oil are quantitative traits depending on the large number of genes (polygenes), the effects of which are largely influenced by enviromental factors, we tend to create a hybrid that is largely adaptive in its genetic and morphological traits to various agroecological conditions. Herewith, real possibilities of exploiting the yield potential of the hybrids in production will be provided for. Therefore, we shall pay special attention to breeding for traits that directly or indirectly affect the level of yield of kernels and oil. Therefore, selection is oriented to an increase of the most important components of yield of kernels and oil, such as: the number of kernels/plant (over 1500), the 1000 kernel weight (over 80 g), the hectolitre weight (45-50kg), the low husk content (20-24%), the high oil content (over 50%), the number of plants/ha (over 60000). In addition to this, one of the main objectives of breeding for the high yield of kernels and oil will be to increase the harvest index and the resistence to dominant pathogens, such as: Alternaria helianthi, Puccinia helianthi, Phomopsis helianthi, Phoma macdonaldii, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotiorum bataticola, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and others. The contribution to be made with the investigation is the creation of high-yielding largely adaptive oil cultivars of valuable agronomic traits which will attain far higher yields of kernels and oil. In this way,through sunflower growing domestically, sufficient amount of raw material for the production of wigh-quality oil for human consumption will be provided for.


COOPERATION - PROJECTS


  1. Name of project: w Ispitivanje i zastupanje hibrida suncokreta Poljoprivrednog instituta Osijek u Republici Mađarskoj
    Name of institution: Agromag
    City: Szeged, wađarska


COOPERATION - INSTITUTIONS


  1. Name of institution: EUCARPIA - European Association for Research on Plant Breeding
    Type of institution: State administration
    City: Wageningen, Nizozemskaw

  2. Name of institution: Agronomski fakultet - Zavod za genetiku i oplemenjivanje bilja
    Type of institution: Economical/Production
    City: 10000 - Zagreb, Croatia

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Last update: 10/17/95
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