CREATION OF SELF-POLLINATED SUNFLOWER LINES AND USE OF HETEROSIS
Main researcher
: KRIZMANIĆ, MIROSLAV (23626) Assistants
BILANDŽIĆ, MARIJAN (111174)
JUKIĆ, VLADIMIR (113663)
VRATARIĆ, MARIJA (53225)
Type of research: basic Duration from: 01/01/91. to 12/31/95. Papers on project (total): 32
Papers on project quoted in Current Contents: 1
Institution name: Poljoprivredni institut, Osijek (73) Department/Institute: Department for Genetics and Breeding of Industrial Plants Address: Južno predgrađe 17 City: 31000 - Osijek, Croatia
Communication
Phone: 385 (0)
Phone: 385 (0)31 554 965
Fax: 385 (0)31 126 553
Summary: The investigations have involved creation of genetically
diverse homozygotic sunflower lines. Various cultivars from Russia,
Ukraina, Romania, Bulgaria, Spain, France, the USA, the Argentina and other
countries with developed sunflower breeding have been used as an original
material consisting of various varietal populations, intervarietal hybrids,
line hybrids and interspecies hybrids. In this investigation, pedigree
method, recurrent selection, mass selection and Pustavoit"s method of seed
reserves will be applied. The lines will be tested for GCA and SCA in the
S3 and S4 generation of self-pollination by the polycross and topcross
methods and the method of dialel crossing. Male sterility necessary for
crossing will be obtained with giberelic acid (0,16%) or cms lines with
good combining abilities will be used. In testing and selection of lines,
special attention will be paid to resistance to diseases, the oil content
(higher than 50%) and other important agronomic traits. The lines with good
combining abilities will be transformed to cms form by the method of
back-crossing. Hereby the most suitable sources of cms will be used as
discovered by Leclercq (1969) by crossing Helianthus petiolaris X
Helianthus annuus. Also, some other sources by Anaščenko (1974), Whelan
(1980), Heiser (1982) and Serieys (1986) will be used. or the practical use
of heterosis in sunflower, high-quality Rf-lines for the restoration of
fertility in the F1 generations are to be created. A large number of
cultivars from the numerous gene collection available,the present sources
by Leclercq (l971), Fick and Zimmer (1974), as well as Rf lines created at
the Osijek Agricultural Institute will be used as sources of restorer
genes. The lines with good combining abilities will be transformed to the
Rf lines with special emphasis on recessive branching. Within
hybridization, approximately 1000 new hybrid combinations will be created a
year. The combinations will be tested in preliminary micro-field trials,
macrofield trials, by the Croatian Committee for Recognition of
Agricultural Crop Varieties and also in other countries.
Research goals: The objective of the investigation is to create
lines with good combining abilities which will attain progenies of large
yield potential of kernels (over 5t/ha) and oil (over 2t/ha) after
crosssing. Since yield of kernels and oil are quantitative traits depending
on the large number of genes (polygenes), the effects of which are largely
influenced by enviromental factors, we tend to create a hybrid that is
largely adaptive in its genetic and morphological traits to various
agroecological conditions. Herewith, real possibilities of exploiting the
yield potential of the hybrids in production will be provided for.
Therefore, we shall pay special attention to breeding for traits that
directly or indirectly affect the level of yield of kernels and oil.
Therefore, selection is oriented to an increase of the most important
components of yield of kernels and oil, such as: the number of
kernels/plant (over 1500), the 1000 kernel weight (over 80 g), the
hectolitre weight (45-50kg), the low husk content (20-24%), the high oil
content (over 50%), the number of plants/ha (over 60000). In addition to
this, one of the main objectives of breeding for the high yield of kernels
and oil will be to increase the harvest index and the resistence to
dominant pathogens, such as: Alternaria helianthi, Puccinia helianthi,
Phomopsis helianthi, Phoma macdonaldii, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotiorum
bataticola, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and others. The contribution to be
made with the investigation is the creation of high-yielding largely
adaptive oil cultivars of valuable agronomic traits which will attain far
higher yields of kernels and oil. In this way,through sunflower growing
domestically, sufficient amount of raw material for the production of
wigh-quality oil for human consumption will be provided for.
COOPERATION - PROJECTS
Name of project
: w Ispitivanje i zastupanje hibrida suncokreta
Poljoprivrednog instituta Osijek u Republici Mađarskoj Name of institution: Agromag City: Szeged, wađarska
COOPERATION - INSTITUTIONS
Name of institution
: EUCARPIA - European Association for
Research on Plant Breeding Type of institution: State administration City: Wageningen, Nizozemskaw
Name of institution
: Agronomski fakultet - Zavod za genetiku i
oplemenjivanje bilja Type of institution: Economical/Production City: 10000 - Zagreb, Croatia Other information about the project.